Effects of xylooligosaccharide on growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, and intestinal microflora of juvenile <italic> Pelodiscus sinensis

doi:10.1007/s11703-011-1129-8

Front Agric Chin

2011, Vol. 5

Issue (4) : 612-617 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11703-011-1129-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effects of xylooligosaccharide on growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, and intestinal microflora of juvenile Pelodiscus sinensis

Yueqiang GUAN(

), Huan ZHOU, Zhili WANG

School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China

Download: PDF(114 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

The effects of xylooligosaccharide (XOS) on growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, and intestinal microflora of Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis were investigated by adding different concentrations of XOS in the diet of juvenile P. sinensis. The turtles with an average initial bodyweight of 12.26±0.32 g were randomly divided into five groups, which were fed with diets containing 0 mg/kg (control), 50 mg/kg (Trial I), 100 mg/kg (Trial II), 200 mg/kg (Trial III), and 500 mg/kg (Trial IV) XOS product (95%), respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 30 days. Indices described above were determined at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the diet supplemented with XOS could enhance the growth of P. sinensis, and the growth rate of Trial III was the highest. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the trials was lower than that of the control. All the trials had higher activities of intestinal digestive enzymes than the control. The amylase activity of Trial II was the highest and was significantly different from that of the control, while the protease activity of the trials was not significantly but slightly higher than that of the control. The numbers of total aerobic bacteria and Enterobacteria of all the trials were significantly lower than those of the control. The number of Bifidobacteria of Trial II ranked the largest, significantly higher than that of the control, whereas the number of Bifidobacteria of all the other trials was higher but not more significant than that of the control. The results demonstrated that XOS supplementation in the diet of P. sinensis could enhance its growth and decrease FCR. Furthermore, it could enhance activities of intestinal protease and amylase and optimize its intestinal microflora. The recommended supplemental concentration of XOS in the diet of Juvenile P. sinensis should be 100– 200 mg/kg.

Keywords Pelodiscus sinensis xylooligosaccharide specific growth rate digestive enzyme microflora

Corresponding Author(s): GUAN Yueqiang,Email:guanyueqiang@hbu.edu.cn

Issue Date: 05 December 2011

Cite this article:

Yueqiang GUAN,Huan ZHOU,Zhili WANG. Effects of xylooligosaccharide on growth performance, activities of digestive enzymes, and intestinal microflora of juvenile Pelodiscus sinensis[J]. Front Agric Chin, 2011, 5(4): 612-617.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fag/EN/10.1007/s11703-011-1129-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fag/EN/Y2011/V5/I4/612

Tab.1 Main nutrient of the basic diet (air dry basis)

Tab.2 Effects of dietary XOS on growth performance of

Tab.3 Effects of dietary XOS on activities of intestinal enzymes of (U/mg protein)

Tab.4 Effects of dietary XOS on intestinal microflora of

1	Bradford M M (1976). A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem , 72(1-2): 248-254 doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3 pmid:942051
2	Chen Y, Zhou H Q, Leng X J, Zhong G F (2006). Effects of chitosan on growth and digestive enzyme in allogynogenetic silver crucian carp. Journal of Fishery Sciences of China , 13(3): 440-445 (in Chinese)
3	Chu J H, Chen S M, Huang C H (2007). Effect of dietary iron concentrations on growth, hematological parameters, and lipid peroxidation of soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis. Aquaculture , 269(1-4): 532-537 doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.03.004
4	Chu W Y, Wu X, Cheng J, Fu G H, Liu Z, Zhang J S (2008). Effect of xylooligosaccharide on growth performance and blood biochemical indices of Ctenopharyngodon idellus. Feed Research , 6: 60-61 (in Chinese)
5	Chung Y C, Hsu C K, Ko C Y, Chan Y C (2007). Dietary intake of xylooligosaccharides improves the intestinal microbiota, fecal moisture, and pH value in the elderly. Nutr Res , 27(12): 756-761 doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2007.09.014
6	Gibson G R, Roberfroid M B (1995). Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept of prebiotics. J Nutr , 125(6): 1401-1412 pmid:7782892
7	Howard M D, Gordon D T, Garleb K A, Kerley M S (1995). Dietary fructooligosaccharide, xylooligosaccharide and gum Arabic have variable effects on cecal and colonic microbiota and epithelial cell proliferation in mice and rats. J Nutr , 125(10): 2604-2609 pmid:7562096
8	Hsu C K, Liao J W, Chung Y C, Hsieh C P, Chan Y C (2004). Xylooligosaccharides and fructooligosaccharides affect the intestinal microbiota and precancerous colonic lesion development in rats. J Nutr , 134(6): 1523-1528 pmid:15173423
9	Hu Y (2007). Optimum feed formula selection and some feed additive application on juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree . Qingdao: China Ocean University, 128-144 (in Chinese)
10	Ji G H, Liu Z Z, Leng X J (2004). Effects of dietary betaglucan and fructooligosaccharides on the growth and activities of superoxide dismutase and lysozyme of Trionyx sinensis. Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University , 13(1): 36-40 (in Chinese)
11	Li Y, Wang Y J, Wang L, Jiang K Y (2008). Influence of several non-nutrient additives on nonspecific immunity and growth of juvenile turbot, Scophthalmus maximus L. Aquacult Nutr , 14(5): 387-395 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2007.00539.x
12	Li Y L (2004). The effect of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) on the intestinal microflora and immune function of juvenile Jian Carp Cyprinus carpio var. jian. Dissertation for the Master’s Degree . Ya’an: Sichuan Agricultural University: 19-28 (in Chinese)
13	Liu B, Xie J, Liu W B, Wang T, Wang H F, Du W (2004). Effects of Bacillus licheniformis and xylooligosaccharides on digestive enzyme activities, growth and microflora in intestine in allogygenetic crucian carp. Journal of Dalian Fisheries University , 21(4): 336-340 (in Chinese)
14	Lowry O H, Rosebrough N J, Farr A L, Randall R J (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem , 193(1): 265-275 pmid:14907713
15	Qi Z Z, Zhang X H, Boon N, Bossier P (2009). Probiotics in aquaculture of China- current state, problems and prospect. Aquaculture , 290(1-2): 15-21 doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.02.012
16	Sáenz de Rodrigá?ez M A, Díaz-Rosales P, Chabrillón M, Smidt H, Arijo S, León-Rubio J M, Alarcón F J, Balebona M C, Mori?igo M A, Cara J B, Moyano F J (2009). Effect of dietary administration of probiotics on growth and intestine functionality of juvenile Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858). Aquacult Nutr , 15(2): 177-185 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2008.00581.x
17	Shen J Y, Yin W L, Qian D, Cao Z, Shen Z H (2000). Studies on the immunization of bacterin against bacterial diseases of cultivated soft- shelled turtle. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agric. & Life Sci.) , 26(3): 325- 328 (in Chinese)
18	Staykov Y, Spring P, Denev S, Sweetman J (2007). Effect of a mannan oligosaccharide on the growth performance and immune status of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquacult Int , 15(2): 153-161 doi: 10.1007/s10499-007-9096-z
19	Medicinal Assay Institute of Shanghai (1979). Clinical Biochemistry Assay. Shanghai: Shanghai Science and technology Press, 366-368 (in Chinese)
20	Wang R, Liu J, Liu H Y, Shuai J Y (2008). Effect of dietary galactomannan oligosaccharides on growth performance and non-specific immune responses of juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University , 2008,17(4): 502-506 (in Chinese)
21	Xiao M S, Wang Z G, Cui F, Hong Y Z (2004a). Orthogonality experiment on effects of fructooligosaccharide and saccharicterpenin on the growth of turtles. Freshwater Fisheries , 34(3): 13-15 (in Chinese)
22	Xiao M S, Wang Z G, Sun Y J, Tang S Y (2004b). Effects of feed supplemented with fructooligosaccharide and saccharicterpenin on the activities of digestive enzymes of turtles. Chinese Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine , 13(2): 10-13 (in Chinese)
23	Xiong D X, Wu Z Q, He L J (1994). Clinical anaerobic bacteria detection manual. Beijing: Chinese Science and Technology Press, 60-87 (in Chinese)
24	Xiong S X (2005). Effects of Xylooligosaccharides in diets on the weight gain ratio, digestive enzyme activity and immune performance of Allogynogenetic Crucian Carp. Dissertation for the Master’s Degree . Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 29-55 (in Chinese)
25	Xu B H, Wang Y B, Li J R, Lin Q (2009). Effect of prebiotic xylooligosaccharides on growth performances and digestive enzyme activities of allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Fish Physiol Biochem , 35(3): 351-357 doi: 10.1007/s10695-008-9248-8 pmid:18704733
26	Yang J X, Zhang X, Cai J P, Wang S (2005). Studies of enzyme producing bacteria strains in the gut of Tilapia nilotica. Water conservancy related fisheries , 25(3):10-18 (in Chinese)
27	Zhang H M (2003). Effect of mannan-oligosaccharide on the production performance and biological indicator of carps. Dissertation for the Master’s Degree . Baoding: Hebei Agricultural University, 15-36 (in Chinese)
28	Zhou Q C, Buentello J A, Gatlin D M (2009). Effects of dietary prebiotics on growth performance, immune response and intestinal morphology of red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquacult Nutr , 309(1-4): 253-257

[1]	Yurong ZOU, Qinghui AI, Kangsen MAI. Ontogenic development of digestive enzyme activities in juvenile soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) under cultured conditions[J]. Front Agric Chin, 2011, 5(4): 624-630.
[2]	LIU Xiaoyan, JIN Jiyun, HE Ping, LIU Hailong, LI Wenjuan. Relationship between potassium chloride suppression of corn stalk rot and soil microorganism characteristics[J]. Front. Agric. China, 2007, 1(2): 136-141.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed