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Frontiers of Agriculture in China

ISSN 1673-7334

ISSN 1673-744X(Online)

CN 11-5729/S

Front Agric Chin    2011, Vol. 5 Issue (3) : 407-412    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11703-011-1120-4
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Optimization of fermentation technology of hawthorn-pear wine by uniform design and response surface design
Yanghui WANG1, Jianlou MU2, Jie WANG2,3()
1. College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; 2. Food Science and Technology College, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China; 3. Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Research Center of Hebei, Baoding 071001, China
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Abstract

Uniform design methodology and response surface methodology were used to determine the optimum conditions for hawthorn-Yali pear wine. By using uniform design, the effects of fermentation temperature, sugar content, the ratio of hawthorn to pear, soaking time of hawthorn, additional volume of SO2, and yeast dosage on sensory quality were investigated, which indicated that the first three aspects were of great significance to the sensory quality. By using three-factor, three-level response surface methodology, a prediction model was established in the form of quadratic polynomial regression equation, with the best processing conditions hereby determined under the conditions of fermentation temperature (25.18°C), sugar content (22.00%), the ratio of hawthorn to pear (21.19:100), and the alcohol degree (11.05 (V/V %)).

Keywords hawthorn      pear wine      uniform design      response surface design     
Corresponding Author(s): WANG Jie,Email:wj591010@163.com   
Issue Date: 05 September 2011
 Cite this article:   
Yanghui WANG,Jianlou MU,Jie WANG. Optimization of fermentation technology of hawthorn-pear wine by uniform design and response surface design[J]. Front Agric Chin, 2011, 5(3): 407-412.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fag/EN/10.1007/s11703-011-1120-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fag/EN/Y2011/V5/I3/407
TermGrading standardScore
Color (20)Clear, crystal, cheerful18-20
Clear, crystal, colored typically for fruit wine15-17
Clear, inclusion undetected, not so cheerfully colored12-14
Turbid, no luster, uncheerful<12
Aroma (30)Fruity, wine aroma strongly fragrant and coordinated26-30
Fruity, fragrant, and still coordinated22-25
Less fruity, probably with other smells, not appealing18-21
Undesirable smell, disgusting<18
Taste (40)Rich, strong, coordinated, and cheerful36-40
Coordinated, pure, and cheerful30-35
Either plain, bitter, sour, or astringent, unappealing25-29
Peculiar smell, disgusting<24
Typicality (10)Typical, unique, and excellent9-10
Typical and unique8
Typical, no so elegant7
Nothing typical<6
Tab.1  Grading standards for fruit wine sensory evaluation
No.Temperature(°C)Sugar content (%)Hawthorn soaking time (h)Ratio of pear juice to hawthorn (g/g)Dosage of SO2 (mg/L)Dosage of yeast (g/L)
11713.865∶100500.1
21715.3810∶100550.2
32116.81015∶100600.3
42118.31220∶100650.4
52519.81425∶100700.5
62521.31630∶100750.6
72922.81835∶100800.7
82924.32040∶100850.8
93325.82245∶100900.9
103327.32450∶100951.0
Tab.2  Variables and levels of uniform experiment of filtered juice
No.Temperature (°C)Sugar content (%)Hawthorn soaking time/hRatio of hawthorn to pear juice (g:g)Usage of SO2 (mg/L)Usage of SO2 (mg/L)Sensory evaluation
1123571069.0
2246103982.8
3369410890.1
448196783.7
5510432683.2
661789585.3
7731025482.6
885271388.3
997518287.9
10109864172.5
Tab.3  Design and results of uniform experiment of filtered juice
LevelsVariables
A (Fermentation temperature)(°C)B (Sugar content)(%)C (Ratio of hawthorn to pear juice) (g:g)
-1211815∶100
0252025∶100
+1292235∶100
Tab.4  Contrast of variables and levels
NumberABCResponse (Y, V/V %)
-1-10
11-107.61
20119.43
3-1-107.92
40-1-18.34
510-18.25
60009.14
71017.93
80009.28
9-10-18.81
10-1018.43
1101-110.02
120-117.86
131109.57
14-1109.71
150009.07
Tab.5  Design of response surface
Variation sourceSum of squaredfMean squareF-valueP-value
Model8.06390.89638.0454E-04
A0.28510.28512.1030.018
B6.12516.125260.103<0.0001
C0.39210.39216.6300.010
AB0.00710.0070.3070.604
AC9E-0410.0010.0380.853
BC0.00310.0030.1280.735
A20.95710.95740.6500.001
B20.00910.0090.3660.571
C20.33010.33014.0330.013
Lack of fit0.09530.0322.7660.277
Residual0.11850.024
Cor Total8.1814
Tab.6  Results of response surface design
Fig.1  Alcohol degree response surface to sugar content and temperature. and represent fermentation temperature and sugar content, respectively.
Fig.2  Alcohol degree response surface to ratio and temperature. is fermentation temperature and is ratio of hawthorn to pear juice.
Fig.3  Alcohol degree response surface to ratio and sugar content. is sugar content and is ratio of hawthorn to pear juice.
Optimum conditionActual level
Fermentation temperature (°C)25.18
Sugar content (%)22.00
Ratio of hawthorn to pear21.19∶100
Responsespredicted valueexperimental value
meanrange
Alcohol degree/(V/V %)10.1110.05±0.1110.16-9.94
Tab.7  Optimum condition, predicted and experimental values of response at optimum conditions
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