Recent advances toward high voltage, EC-free electrolytes for graphite-based Li-ion battery

doi:10.1007/s11705-018-1758-z

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (3) : 577-591 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-018-1758-z

REVIEW ARTICLE

Recent advances toward high voltage, EC-free electrolytes for graphite-based Li-ion battery

Tong Zhang, Elie Paillard(

)

Helmholtz Institute Muenster – Forschungszentrum Juelich (IEK 12), Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Muenster, Germany

Download: PDF(519 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are a key technology in today’s world and improving their performances requires, in many cases, the use of cathodes operating above the anodic stability of state-of-the-art electrolytes based on ethylene carbonate (EC) mixtures. EC, however, is a crucial component of electrolytes, due to its excellent ability to allow graphite anode operation–also required for high energy density batteries–by stabilizing the electrode/electrolyte interface. In the last years, many alternative electrolytes, aiming at allowing high voltage battery operation, have been proposed. However, often, graphite electrode operation is not well demonstrated in these electrolytes. Thus, we review here the high voltage, EC-free alternative electrolytes, focusing on those allowing the steady operation of graphite anodes. This review covers electrolyte compositions, with the widespread use of additives, the change in main lithium salt, the effect of anion (or Li salt) concentration, but also reports on graphite protection strategies, by coatings or artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) or by use of water-soluble binder for electrode processing as these can also enable the use of graphite in electrolytes with suboptimal intrinsic SEI formation ability.

Keywords lithium-ion electrolyte solid electrolyte interphase additives high voltage graphite

Corresponding Author(s): Elie Paillard

Just Accepted Date: 25 June 2018 Online First Date: 07 September 2018 Issue Date: 18 September 2018

Cite this article:

Tong Zhang,Elie Paillard. Recent advances toward high voltage, EC-free electrolytes for graphite-based Li-ion battery[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(3): 577-591.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-018-1758-z
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2018/V12/I3/577

Fig.1 Solvents and approaches used for allowing graphite anode operation in high voltage electrolytes

Tab.1 LiPF₆-based, EC-free electrolytes allowing graphite anode cycling

Fig.2 Cycling performance of graphite electrodes (96/2/2 (graphite (SLP30, Timcal)/CMC/SBR), total mass loading: 7.5 mg·cm⁻²) in 1.0 mol·L⁻¹ LiPF₆ SL:DMC (1:1, wt-%) with FEC and DS as additives and without (a) discharge capacity vs. cycle number (b), (c) and (d) selected voltage profiles for each electrolyte (as indicated on the graph). Electrolyte and electrode preparation as well as the experimental conditions for the electrochemical testing are the same as reported in [⁸¹]

Tab.2 Overview of ‘high concentration’ electrolyte able to operate a graphite anode

Fig.3 (a) Voltage profile of a graphite electrode in a 4.2 mol·L⁻¹ LiTFSI/AN electrolyte at C/10 (Reproduced with permission from [¹⁰⁵]); (b) representative Li⁺ cation solvate species (SSIP, CIP and AGGs) in dilute and concentrated electrolytes and schematic illustration of the electrolyte reduction mechanism at the electrode/electrolyte interface in dilute and concentrated electrolytes. The red dot represents Li⁺, the blue ellipse represents solvent molecular and the green ellipse represents the salt anion (Reproduced with permission from [¹¹¹]); (c) mechanism of Li ion desolvation at the graphite/glyme-Li salt solvate ionic liquids (Reproduced with permission from [¹⁰⁴]); (d) formation of a transient SEI in a concentrated electrolyte (Reproduced with permission from [¹¹²])

Fig.4 Cycling performance of graphite electrodes 96/2/2 (graphite (SLP30, Timcal)/CMC/SBR), total mass loading: 7.5 mg·cm⁻²) in 1.0 mol·L⁻¹ and 1.2 mol·L⁻¹ LiFSI, SL:DMC (1:1, wt-%) electrolytes. (a) Capacity and efficiency vs. cycle number; (b) voltage profiles (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 20th cycle). The electrolyte preparation, electrode preparation and electrochemical testing method was the same as reported in [⁸¹]

Fig.5 Charge-discharge curves of graphite/Li half cell with 1.0 mol·L⁻¹ LiTFSI in SL electrolyte. (a) With a PVDF-based graphite electrode, reproduced with permission from [¹⁰⁶]; (b) using a 90/5/5 (graphite (SLP30, Timcal)/SuperP/CMC), total mass loading:2 mg·cm⁻²

1	U.S. Energy Information Administration. Annual Energy Outlook 2017 with projections to 2050, 2017, 1–64
2	Lewis G N, Keyes F G. The potential of the lithium electrode. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1913, 35(4): 340–344 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja02193a004
3	Harris W S. Electrochemical studies in cyclic esters. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Berkeley, CA: University of California, 1958
4	Jasinski R. Bibliography on the uses of propylene carbonate in high energy, density batteries. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, 1967, 15: 89–91 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(67)85012-5
5	Julien C, Mauger A, Vijh A, Zaghib K. Lithium batteries: Science and technology. Basel: Springer International Publishing, 2016, 1–27
6	Winn D A, Steele B C H. Thermodynamic characterisation of non-stoichiometric titanium di-sulphide. Materials Research Bulletin, 1976, 11(5): 551–557 https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(76)90238-5
7	Whittingham M S. Preparation of stoichiometric titanium disulfide. US Patent, 4007055, 1975–05–09
8	Murphy D W, Trumbore F A. The chemistry of TiS and NbSe cathodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1976, 123(7): 960–964 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2133012
9	Armand M B. Chapter – Intercalation electrodes. Materials for Advanced Batteries. Boston, MA: Springer, 1980, 145–161
10	Lazzari M, Scrosati B. A Cyclable Lithium organic electrolyte cell based on two intercalation electrodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1980, 127(3): 773–774 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2129753
11	Mizushima K, Jones P C, Wiseman P J, Goodenough J B. LixCoO2 (0<x<‒1): A new cathode material for batteries of high energy density. Materials Research Bulletin, 1980, 15(6): 783–789 https://doi.org/10.1016/0025-5408(80)90012-4
12	Mizushima K, Jones P C, Wiseman P J, Goodenough J B. LixCoO2 (0<x ≤ 1): A new cathode material for batteries of high energy density. Solid State Ionics, 1981, 3–4: 171–174 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(81)90077-1
13	Nagaura T, Nagamine M, Tanabe I, Miyamoto N. Solid state batteries with sulfide-based solid electrolytes. Progress in batteries and solar cells, 1989, 8: 84–88
14	Nagaura T, Tozawa K. Lithium ion rechargeable battery. Progress in Batteries and Solar Cells, 1990, 9: 209–212
15	Ozawa K. Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries with LiCoO2 and carbon electrodes: The LiCoO2/C system. Solid State Ionics, 1994, 69(3–4): 212–221 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(94)90411-1
16	Fong R, von Sacken U, Dahn J R. Studies of lithium intercalation into carbons using nonaqueous electrochemical cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1990, 137(7): 2009–2013 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2086855
17	Tarascon J M, Guyomard D. New electrolyte compositions stable over the 0 to 5 V voltage range and compatible with the Li1+xMn2O4/carbon Li-ion cells. Solid State Ionics, 1994, 69(3–4): 293–305 https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(94)90418-9
18	Peled E. The electrochemical behavior of alkali and alkaline earth metals in nonaqueous battery systems—the solid electrolyte interphase model. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1979, 126(12): 2047–2051 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2128859
19	Peled E, Menkin S. Review—SEI: Past, present and future. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(7): A1703–A1719 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1441707jes
20	Hess S, Wohlfahrt-Mehrens M, Wachtler M. Flammability of Li-ion battery electrolytes: Flash point and self-extinguishing time measurements. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2015, 162(2): A3084–A3097 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0121502jes
21	Krueger S, Kloepsch R, Li J, Nowak S, Passerini S, Winter M. How do reactions at the anode/electrolyte interface determine the cathode performance in lithium-ion batteries? Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2013, 160(4): A542–A548 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.022304jes
22	Vetter J, Novák P, Wagner M R, Veit C, Möller K C, Besenhard J O, Winter M, Wohlfahrt-Mehrens M, Vogler C, Hammouche A. Ageing mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 2005, 147(1–2): 269–281 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.01.006
23	Bresser D, Paillard E, Passerini S. Chapter 7–Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for medium- and large-scale energy storage: Emerging cell materials and components. Advances in Batteries for Medium and Large-Scale Energy Storage. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing, 2015, 213–289
24	Wrodnigg G H, Besenhard J O, Winter M. Ethylene sulfite as electrolyte additive for lithium-ion cells with graphitic anodes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1999, 146(2): 470–472 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1391630
25	Wrodnigg G H, Wrodnigg T M, Besenhard J O, Winter M. Propylene sulfite as film-forming electrolyte additive in lithium ion batteries. Electrochemistry Communications, 1999, 1(3–4): 148–150 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1388-2481(99)00023-5
26	Simon B, Boeuve J P. Rechargeable lithium electrochemical cell. US Patent, 5626981, 1994–04–22
27	Aurbach D, Gamolsky K, Markovsky B, Gofer Y, Schmidt M, Heider U. On the use of vinylene carbonate (VC) as an additive to electrolyte solutions for Li-ion batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 2002, 47(9): 1423–1439 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00858-1
28	Santner H J, Korepp C, Winter M, Besenhard J O, Möller K C. In-situ FTIR investigations on the reduction of vinylene electrolyte additives suitable for use in lithium-ion batteries. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2004, 379(2): 266–271 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-004-2522-4 pmid: 14968287
29	Aurbach D, Gnanaraj J S, Geissler W, Schmidt M. Vinylene carbonate and Li salicylatoborate as additives in LiPF3(CF2CF3)3 solutions for rechargeable Li-ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2004, 151(1): A23–A30 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1631820
30	McMillan R, Slegr H, Shu Z X, Wang W. Fluoroethylene carbonate electrolyte and its use in lithium ion batteries with graphite anodes. Journal of Power Sources, 1999, 81–82: 20–26 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(98)00201-8
31	Mogi R, Inaba M, Jeong S K, Iriyama Y, Abe T, Ogumi Z. Effects of some organic additives on lithium deposition in propylene carbonate. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2002, 149(12): A1578–A1583 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1516770
32	Xu K. Nonaqueous liquid electrolytes for lithium-based rechargeable batteries. Chemical Reviews, 2004, 104(10): 4303–4417 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr030203g pmid: 15669157
33	Xu K. Electrolytes and interphases in Li-ion batteries and beyond. Chemical Reviews, 2014, 114(23): 11503–11618 https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500003w pmid: 25351820
34	Zhang S S. A review on electrolyte additives for lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 162(2): 1379–1394 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.07.074
35	Haregewoin A M, Wotango A S, Hwang B J. Electrolyte additives for lithium ion battery electrodes: Progress and perspectives. Energy & Environmental Science, 2016, 9(6): 1955–1988 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6EE00123H
36	Sasaki T, Abe T, Iriyama Y, Inaba M, Ogumi Z. Suppression of an alkyl dicarbonate formation in Li-ion cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2005, 152(10): A2046–A2050 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2034517
37	Li B, Wang Y, Rong H, Wang Y, Liu J, Xing L, Xu M, Li W. A novel electrolyte with the ability to form a solid electrolyte interface on the anode and cathode of a LiMn2O4/graphite battery. Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2013, 1(41): 12954–12961 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta13067c
38	Wang D Y, Sinha N N, Burns J C, Aiken C P, Petibon R, Dahn J R. A comparative study of vinylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate additives for LiCoO2/graphite pouch cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(4): A467–A472 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.001404jes
39	Zhong Q, Bonakdarpour A, Zhang M, Gao Y, Dahn J R. Synthesis and electrochemistry of LiNixMn2-xO4. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1997, 144(1): 205–213 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1837386
40	Amine K. Olivine LiCoPO4 as 4.8 V electrode material for lithium batteries. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2000, 3(4): 178–179 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1390994
41	Kunduraci M, Amatucci G G. Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured 4.7 V LixMn1.5Ni0.5O4 spinels for high-power lithium-ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2006, 153(7): A1345–A1352 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2198110
42	Wolfenstine J, Allen J. Ni3+/Ni2+ redox potential in LiNiPO4. Journal of Power Sources, 2005, 142(1–2): 389–390 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2004.11.024
43	Yang L, Ravdel B, Lucht B L. Electrolyte reactions with the surface of high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2010, 13(8): A95–A97 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3428515
44	Hu L, Zhang Z, Amine K. Fluorinated electrolytes for Li-ion battery: An FEC-based electrolyte for high voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite couple. Electrochemistry Communications, 2013, 35: 76–79 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2013.08.009
45	Aurbach D, Markovsky B, Salitra G, Markevich E, Talyossef Y, Koltypin M, Nazar L, Ellis B, Kovacheva D. Review on electrode-electrolyte solution interactions, related to cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 2007, 165(2): 491–499 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.10.025
46	Xia J, Petibon R, Xiong D, Ma L, Dahn J R. Enabling linear alkyl carbonate electrolytes for high voltage Li-ion cells. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 328: 124–135 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.08.015
47	Borodin O, Behl W, Jow T R. Oxidative stability and initial decomposition reactions of carbonate, sulfone, and alkyl phosphate-based electrolytes. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2013, 117(17): 8661–8682 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp400527c
48	Xu M, Zhou L, Dong Y, Chen Y, Garsuch A, Lucht B L. Improving the performance of graphite/LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cells at high voltage and elevated temperature with added lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB). Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2013, 160(11): A2005–A2013 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.053311jes
49	Xia J, Ma L, Nelson K J, Nie M, Lu Z, Dahn J R. A study of Li-ion cells operated to 4.5 V and at 55 °C. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2016, 163(10): A2399–A2406 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1211610jes
50	Cao X, He X, Wang J, Liu H, Röser S, Rad B R, Evertz M, Streipert B, Li J, Wagner R, Winter M, Cekic-Laskovic I. High voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li4Ti5O12 lithium ion cells at elevated temperatures: Carbonate-versus ionic liquid-based electrolytes. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2016, 8(39): 25971–25978 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b07687 pmid: 27618412
51	Abu-Lebdeh Y, Davidson I. High-voltage electrolytes based on adiponitrile for Li-ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2009, 156(1): A60–A65 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3023084
52	Xue L, Ueno K, Lee S Y, Angell C A. Enhanced performance of sulfone-based electrolytes at lithium ion battery electrodes, including the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 high voltage cathode. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 262: 123–128 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.03.099
53	Abouimrane A, Belharouak I, Amine K. Sulfone-based electrolytes for high-voltage Li-ion batteries. Electrochemistry Communications, 2009, 11(5): 1073–1076 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2009.03.020
54	Zhang Z, Hu L, Wu H, Weng W, Koh M, Redfern P C, Curtiss L A, Amine K. Fluorinated electrolytes for 5 V lithium-ion battery chemistry. Energy & Environmental Science, 2013, 6(6): 1806–1810 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ee24414h
55	Zhang X, Pugh J K, Ross P N. Computation of thermodynamic oxidation potentials of organic solvents using density functional theory. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2001, 148(5): E183–E188 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1362546
56	Assary R S, Curtiss L A, Redfern P C, Zhang Z, Amine K. Computational studies of polysiloxanes: Oxidation potentials and decomposition reactions. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2011, 115(24): 12216–12223 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp2019796
57	Xu K, Ding S P, Jow T R. Toward reliable values of electrochemical stability limits for electrolytes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1999, 146(11): 4172–4178 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1392609
58	Zhang S S, Jow T R. Aluminum corrosion in electrolyte of Li-ion battery. Journal of Power Sources, 2002, 109(2): 458–464 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(02)00110-6
59	Zhang X, Devine T M. Identity of passive film formed on aluminum in Li-ion battery electrolytes with LiPF6. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2006, 153(9): B344–B351 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2214465
60	Xu K, Zhang S, Jow T R. Formation of the graphite/electrolyte interface by lithium bis(oxalato)borate. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2003, 6(6): A117–A120 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1568173
61	Zhuang G V, Xu K, Jow T R, Ross P N Jr. Study of SEI layer formed on graphite anodes in PC/LiBOB electrolyte using IR spectroscopy. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2004, 7(8): A224–A227 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1756855
62	Ma L, Glazier S L, Petibon R, Xia J, Peters J M, Liu Q, Allen J, Doig R N C, Dahn J R. A guide to ethylene carbonate-free electrolyte making for Li-ion cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(1): A5008–A5018 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0191701jes
63	Xia J, Nie M, Burns J C, Xiao A, Lamanna W M, Dahn J R. Fluorinated electrolyte for 4.5 V Li(Ni0.4Mn0.4Co0.2)O2/graphite Li-ion cells. Journal of Power Sources, 2016, 307: 340–350 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.12.132
64	Xia J, Glazier S L, Petibon R, Dahn J R. Improving linear alkyl carbonate electrolytes with electrolyte additives. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(6): A1239–A1250 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1321706jes
65	Xia J, Liu Q, Hebert A, Hynes T, Petibon R, Dahn J R. Succinic anhydride as an enabler in ethylene carbonate-free linear alkyl carbonate electrolytes for high voltage Li-ion cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(6): A1268–A1273 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.1341706jes
66	Lewandowski A, Kurc B, Stepniak I, Swiderska-Mocek A. Properties of Li-graphite and LiFePO4 electrodes in LiPF6-sulfolane electrolyte. Electrochimica Acta, 2011, 56(17): 5972–5978 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.04.105
67	Lewandowski A, Kurc B, Swiderska-Mocek A, Kusa N. Graphite/LiFePO4 lithium-ion battery working at the heat engine coolant temperature. Journal of Power Sources, 2014, 266: 132–137 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.04.083
68	Xia J, Self J, Ma L, Dahn J R. Sulfolane-based electrolyte for high voltage Li(Ni0.42Mn0.42Co0.16)O2 (NMC442)/graphite pouch cells. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2015, 162(8): A1424–A1431 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0121508jes
69	Hilbig P, Ibing L, Wagner R, Winter M, Cekic-Laskovic I. Ethyl methyl sulfone-based electrolytes for lithium ion battery applications. Energies, 2017, 10(9): 1312 https://doi.org/10.3390/en10091312
70	Hu L, Xue Z, Amine K, Zhang Z. Fluorinated electrolytes for 5 V Li-ion chemistry: synthesis and evaluation of an additive for high-voltage LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/graphite cell. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(12): A1777–A1781 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0141412jes
71	Im J, Lee J, Ryou M H, Lee Y M, Cho K Y. Fluorinated carbonate-based electrolyte for high-voltage Li(Ni0.5Mn0.3Co0.2)O2/graphite lithium-ion battery. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(1): A6381–A6385 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0591701jes
72	Kita F, Sakata H, Sinomoto S, Kawakami A, Kamizori H, Sonoda T, Nagashima H, Nie J, Pavlenko N V, Yagupolskii Y L. Characteristics of the electrolyte with fluoro organic lithium salts. Journal of Power Sources, 2000, 90(1): 27–32 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00443-2
73	Kalhoff J, Bresser D, Bolloli M, Alloin F, Sanchez J Y, Passerini S. Enabling LiTFSI-based electrolytes for safer lithium-ion batteries by using linear fluorinated carbonates as (Co)solvent. ChemSusChem, 2014, 7(10): 2939–2946 https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201402502 pmid: 25138922
74	Xiong D J, Bauer M, Ellis L D, Hynes T, Hyatt S, Hall D S, Dahn J R. Some physical properties of ethylene carbonate-free electrolytes. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2018, 165(2): A126–A131 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0511802jes
75	Sun X, Angell C A. Doped sulfone electrolytes for high voltage Li-ion cell applications. Electrochemistry Communications, 2009, 11(7): 1418–1421 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2009.05.020
76	Xu K, Angell C A. Sulfone-based electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2002, 149(7): A920–A926 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1483866
77	Lee S Y, Ueno K, Angell C A. Lithium salt solutions in mixed sulfone and sulfone-carbonate solvents: A walden plot analysis of the maximally conductive compositions. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2012, 116(45): 23915–23920 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp3067519
78	Xu K, Angell C A. High anodic stability of a new electrolyte solvent: Unsymmetric noncyclic aliphatic sulfone. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1998, 145(4): L70–L72 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1838419
79	Wang Y, Xing L, Li W, Bedrov D. Why do sulfone-based electrolytes show stability at high voltages? insight from density functional theory. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2013, 4(22): 3992–3999 https://doi.org/10.1021/jz401726p
80	Brenner A. Note on an organic-electrolyte cell with a high voltage. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 1971, 118(3): 461–462 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2408081
81	Zhang T, de Meatza I, Qi X, Paillard E. Enabling steady graphite anode cycling with high voltage, additive-free, sulfolane-based electrolyte: Role of the binder. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 356: 97–102 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.04.073
82	Hochgatterer N S, Schweiger M R, Koller S, Raimann P R, Wöhrle T, Wurm C, Winter M. Silicon/graphite composite electrodes for high-capacity anodes: Influence of binder chemistry on cycling stability. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2008, 11(5): A76–A80 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2888173
83	Nguyen C C, Yoon T, Seo D M, Guduru P, Lucht B L. Systematic investigation of binders for silicon anodes: Interactions of binder with silicon particles and electrolytes and effects of binders on solid electrolyte interphase formation. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2016, 8(19): 12211–12220 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b03357 pmid: 27135935
84	Kim N. Electrolyte for lithium ion battery to control swelling. US Patent, 20050233207A1, 2004–04–16
85	Hamamoto T, Abe K, Tsutomu T. Non-aqueous electrolyte and lithium secondary battery using the same. US Patent, 20070207389A1, 2007–09–06
86	Ma T, Xu G L, Li Y, Wang L, He X, Zheng J, Liu J, Engelhard M H, Zapol P, Curtiss L A, Jorne J, Amine K, Chen Z. Revisiting the corrosion of the aluminum current collector in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2017, 8(5): 1072–1077 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02933 pmid: 28205444
87	Wu F, Xiang J, Li L, Chen J, Tan G, Chen R. Study of the electrochemical characteristics of sulfonyl isocyanate/sulfone binary electrolytes for use in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 2012, 202: 322–331 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.11.065
88	Fujii K, Seki S, Fukuda S, Kanzaki R, Takamuku T, Umebayashi Y, Ishiguro S. Anion conformation of low-viscosity room-temperature ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl) imide. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2007, 111(44): 12829–12833 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp074325e pmid: 17941662
89	Paillard E, Zhou Q, Henderson W A, Appetecchi G B, Montanino M, Passerini S. Electrochemical and physicochemical properties of PY14FSI-based electrolytes with LiFSI. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2009, 156(11): A891–A895 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3208048
90	Gebresilassie G, Grugeon S, Gachot G, Armand M, Laruelle S. LiFSI vs. LiPF6 electrolytes in contact with lithiated graphite : Comparing thermal stabilities and identification of specific SEI-reinforcing additives. Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 102: 133–141 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.03.171
91	Petibon R, Aiken C P, Ma L, Xiong D, Dahn J R. The use of ethyl acetate as a sole solvent in highly concentrated electrolyte for Li-ion batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 2015, 2015(154): 287–293 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.093
92	Zhang T, Kaymaksiz S, de Meatza I, Paillard E. Practical sulfolane-based electrolytes: Choice of Li salt for graphite anode operation. Honolulu: ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2016, MA2016–02 537
93	Li L, Zhou S, Han H, Li H, Nie J, Armand M, Zhou Z, Huang X. Transport and electrochemical properties and spectral features of non-aqueous electrolytes containing LiFSI in linear carbonate solvents. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2011, 158(2): A74–A82 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3514705
94	Abouimrane A, Ding J, Davidson I J. Liquid electrolyte based on lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide salt: Aluminum corrosion studies and lithium ion battery investigations. Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 189(1): 693–696 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.08.077
95	Myung S T, Hitoshi Y, Sun Y K. Electrochemical behavior and passivation of current collectors in lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2011, 21(27): 9891–9911 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm04353b
96	Dalavi S, Xu M, Knight B, Lucht B L. Effect of added LiBOB on high voltage (LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4) spinel cathodes. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2012, 15(2): A28–A31 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.015202esl
97	Zhang S S. An unique lithium salt for the improved electrolyte of Li-ion battery. Electrochemistry Communications, 2006, 8(9): 1423–1428 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.06.016
98	Nie M, Lucht B L. Role of lithium salt on solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and dtructure in lithium ion batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(6): A1001–A1006 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.054406jes
99	Knight B M. PC based electrolytes with LiDFOB as an alternative salt for lithium- ion batteries. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Kinston, RI: Univeristy of Rhode Island, 2014
100	Chen Z, Qin Y, Liu J, Amine K. Lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate as additive to improve the thermal stability of lithiated graphite. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2009, 12(4): A69–A72 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3070581
101	Lazar M L, Lucht B L. Carbonate free electrolyte for lithium ion batteries containing butyrolactone and methyl butyrate. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2015, 162(6): A928–A934 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0601506jes
102	Ehteshami N, Paillard E. Ethylene carbonate-free, adiponitrile-based electrolytes compatible with graphite anodes. ECS Transactions, 2015, 77(1): 11–20 https://doi.org/10.1149/07701.0011ecst
103	Seki S, Takei K, Miyashiro H, Watanabe M. Physicochemical and electrochemical properties of glyme-LiN(SO2F)2 complex for safe lithium-ion secondary battery electrolyte. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2011, 158(6): A769–A774 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3582822
104	Moon H, Tatara R, Mandai T, Ueno K, Yoshida K, Tachikawa N, Yasuda T, Dokko K, Watanabe M. Mechanism of Li ion desolvation at the interface of graphite electrode and glyme-Li salt solvate ionic liquids. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2014, 118(35): 20246–20256 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp506772f
105	Yamada Y, Furukawa K, Sodeyama K, Kikuchi K, Yaegashi M, Tateyama Y, Yamada A. Unusual stability of acetonitrile-based superconcentrated electrolytes for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014, 136(13): 5039–5046 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja412807w pmid: 24654781
106	Yamada Y, Usui K, Chiang C H, Kikuchi K, Furukawa K, Yamada A. General observation of lithium intercalation into graphite in ethylene-carbonate-free superconcentrated electrolytes. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2014, 6(14): 10892–10899 https://doi.org/10.1021/am5001163 pmid: 24670260
107	Yamada Y, Yaegashi M, Abe T, Yamada A. A superconcentrated ether electrolyte for fast-charging Li-ion batteries. Electrochemistry Communications, 2013, 49(95): 11194–11196 https://doi.org/10.1039/c3cc46665e pmid: 24150285
108	Wang J, Yamada Y, Sodeyama K, Chiang C H, Tateyama Y, Yamada A. Superconcentrated electrolytes for a high-voltage lithium-ion battery. Nature Communications, 2016, 7: 12032 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12032 pmid: 27354162
109	Yamada Y, Yamada A. Review—superconcentrated electrolytes for lithium batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2015, 162(14): A2406–A2423 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0041514jes
110	Yamada Y. Developing new functionalities of superconcentrated electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. Electrochemistry, 2017, 85(9): 559–565 https://doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.85.559
111	Zheng J, Lochala J A, Kwok A, Deng Z D, Xiao J. Research progress towards understanding the unique interfaces between concentrated electrolytes and electrodes for energy storage applications. Advancement of Science, 2017, 4(8): 1700032 https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201700032 pmid: 28852621
112	Lu D, Tao J, Yan P, Henderson W A, Li Q, Shao Y, Helm M L, Borodin O, Graff G L, Polzin B, Wang C M, Engelhard M, Zhang J G, De Yoreo J J, Liu J, Xiao J. Formation of reversible solid electrolyte interface on graphite surface from concentrated electrolytes. Nano Letters, 2017, 17(3): 1602–1609 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04766 pmid: 28165750
113	Von Wald Cresce A, Borodin O, Xu K. Correlating Li+ solvation sheath structure with interphasial chemistry on graphite. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2012, 116(50): 26111–26117 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp303610t
114	Yamada Y, Takazawa Y, Miyazaki K, Abe T. Electrochemical lithium intercalation into graphite in dimethyl sulfoxide-based electrolytes: Effect of solvation structure of lithium ion. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(26): 11680–11685 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1037427
115	McOwen D W, Seo D M, Borodin O, Vatamanu J, Boyle P D, Henderson W A. Concentrated electrolytes: Decrypting electrolyte properties and reassessing Al corrosion mechanisms. Energy & Environmental Science, 2014, 7(1): 416–426 https://doi.org/10.1039/C3EE42351D
116	Moon H, Mandai T, Tatara R, Ueno K, Yamazaki A, Yoshida K, Seki S, Dokko K, Watanabe M. Solvent activity in electrolyte solutions controls electrochemical reactions in Li-Ion and Li-sulfur batteries. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2015, 119(8): 3957–3970 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp5128578
117	Aurbach D, Markovsky B, Weissman I, Levi E, Ein-Eli Y. On the correlation between surface chemistry and performance of graphite negative electrodes for Li ion batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 1999, 45(1–2): 67–86 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(99)00194-2
118	Nie M, Abraham D P, Seo D M, Chen Y, Bose A, Lucht B L. Role of solution structure in solid electrolyte interphase formation on graphite with LiPF6 in propylene carbonate. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2013, 117(48): 25381–25389 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp409765w
119	Pan Y, Wang G, Lucht B L. Cycling performance and surface analysis of lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in propylene carbonate with graphite. Electrochimica Acta, 2016, 217: 269–273 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.09.080
120	Watanabe M, Thomas M L, Zhang S, Ueno K, Yasuda T, Dokko K. Application of ionic liquids to energy storage and conversion materials and devices. Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(10): 7190–7239 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00504 pmid: 28084733
121	Lewandowski A, Świderska-Mocek A. Ionic liquids as electrolytes for Li-ion batteries-an overview of electrochemical studies. Journal of Power Sources, 2009, 194(2): 601–609 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2009.06.089
122	Zhao Y, Bostrom T. Application of ionic liquids in solar cells and batteries: A review. Current Organic Chemistry, 2015, 19(6): 556–566 https://doi.org/10.2174/1385272819666150127002529
123	Howlett P C, MacFarlane D R, Hollenkamp A F. High lithium metal cycling efficiency in a room-temperature ionic liquid. Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2004, 7(5): A97–A101 https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1664051
124	Grande L, von Zamory J, Koch S L, Kalhoff J, Paillard E, Passerini S. Homogeneous lithium electrodeposition with pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid electrolytes. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2015, 7(10): 5950–5958 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b00209 pmid: 25714124
125	Holzapfel M, Jost C, Novák P. Stable cycling of graphite in an ionic liquid based electrolyte. Chemical Communications, 2004, (18): 2098–2099 https://doi.org/10.1039/B407526A pmid: 15367993
126	Ishikawa M, Sugimoto T, Kikuta M, Ishiko E, Kono M. Pure ionic liquid electrolytes compatible with a graphitized carbon negative electrode in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 162(1): 658–662 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.02.077
127	Yamagata M, Tanaka K, Tsuruda Y, Fukuda S, Nakasuka S, Kono M, Ishikawa M. The first lithium-ion battery with ionic liquid electrolyte demonstrated in extreme environment of space. Electrochemistry, 2015, 83(10): 918–924 https://doi.org/10.5796/electrochemistry.83.918
128	Reiter J, Paillard E, Grande L, Winter M, Passerini S. Physicochemical properties of N-methoxyethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinum ionic liquids with perfluorinated anions. Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 91: 101–107 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2012.12.086
129	Matsui Y, Yamagata M, Murakami S, Saito Y, Higashizaki T, Ishiko E, Kono M, Ishikawa M. Design of an electrolyte composition for stable and rapid charging-discharging of a graphite negative electrode in a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide-based ionic liquid. Journal of Power Sources, 2015, 279: 766–773 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.01.070
130	Moreno M, Simonetti E, Appetecchi G B, Carewska M, Montanino M, Kim G T, Loeffler N, Passerini S. Ionic liquid electrolytes for safer lithium batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2017, 164(1): A6026–A6031 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0051701jes
131	Lestriez B, Bahri S, Sandu I, Roué L, Guyomard D. On the binding mechanism of CMC in Si negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries. Electrochemistry Communications, 2007, 9(12): 2801–2806 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2007.10.001
132	Mueller F, Bresser D, Paillard E, Winter M, Passerini S. Influence of the carbonaceous conductive network on the electrochemical performance of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles. Journal of Power Sources, 2013, 236: 87–94 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.02.051
133	Bresser D, Mueller F, Buchholz D, Paillard E, Passerini S. Embedding tin nanoparticles in micron-sized disordered carbon for lithium- and sodium-ion anodes. Electrochimica Acta, 2014, 128(10): 163–171 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.09.007
134	Sen U K, Mitra S. High-rate and high-energy-density lithium-ion battery anode containing 2D MoS2 nanowall and cellulose binder. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2013, 5(4): 1240–1247 https://doi.org/10.1021/am3022015 pmid: 23360622
135	Bresser D, Paillard E, Kloepsch R, Krueger S, Fiedler M, Schmitz R, Baither D, Winter M, Passerini S. Carbon coated ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles for advanced lithium-ion anodes. Advanced Energy Materials, 2013, 3(4): 513–523 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201200735
136	Kovalenko I, Zdyrko B, Magasinski A, Hertzberg B, Milicev Z, Burtovyy R, Luzinov I, Yushin G. A major constituent of brown algae for use in high-capacity Li-ion batteries. Science, 2011, 334(6052): 75–79 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1209150 pmid: 21903777
137	Komaba S, Yabuuchi N, Ozeki T, Han Z J, Shimomura K, Yui H, Katayama Y, Miura T. Comparative study of sodium polyacrylate and poly(vinylidene fluoride) as binders for high capacity Si-graphite composite negative electrodes in Li-ion batteries. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2012, 116(1): 1380–1389 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp204817h
138	Inagaki M. Carbon coating for enhancing the functionalities of materials. Carbon, 2012, 50(9): 3247–3266 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.11.045
139	Sharova V, Moretti A, Giffin G, Carvalho D, Passerini S. Evaluation of carbon-coated graphite as a negative electrode material for Li-ion batteries. C Journal of Carbon Research, 2017, 3(3): 22 https://doi.org/10.3390/c3030022
140	Menkin S, Golodnitsky D, Peled E. Artificial solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) for improved cycleability and safety of lithium-ion cells for EV applications. Electrochemistry Communications, 2009, 11(9): 1789–1791 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2009.07.019
141	Li F S, Wu Y S, Chou J, Winter M, Wu N L. A mechanically robust and highly ion-conductive polymer-blend coating for high-power and long-life lithium-ion battery anodes. Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(1): 130–137 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201403880 pmid: 25377527
142	Nobili F, Mancini M, Stallworth P E, Croce F, Greenbaum S G, Marassi R. Tin-coated graphite electrodes as composite anodes for Li-ion batteries. Effects of tin coatings thickness toward intercalation behavior. Journal of Power Sources, 2012, 198(15): 243–250 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.09.075
143	Verma P, Novák P. Formation of artificial solid electrolyte interphase by grafting for improving Li-ion intercalation and preventing exfoliation of graphite. Carbon, 2012, 50(7): 2599–2614 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.02.019
144	Ma L, Kim M S, Archer L A. Stable artificial solid electrolyte interphases for lithium batteries. Chemistry of Materials, 2017, 29(10): 4181–4189 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03687
145	Fan L, Zhuang H L, Gao L, Lu Y, Archer L A. Regulating Li deposition at artificial solid electrolyte interphases. Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2017, 5(7): 3483–3492 https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA10204B
146	Li N W, Yin Y X, Yang C P, Guo Y G. An artificial solid electrolyte interphase layer for stable lithium metal anodes. Advanced Materials, 2016, 28(9): 1853–1858 https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201504526 pmid: 26698171
147	Kang I S, Lee Y S, Kim D W. Improved cycling stability of lithium electrodes in rechargeable lithium batteries. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2014, 161(1): A53–A57 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.029401jes
148	Yang C, Chen J, Qing T, Fan X, Sun W, von Cresce A, Ding M S, Borodin O, Vatamanu J, Schroeder M A, Eidson N, Wang C, Xu K. 4.0 V aqueous Li-ion batteries. Joule, 2017, 1(1): 122–132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2017.08.009
149	Guk H, Kim D, Choi S H, Chung D H, Han S S. Thermostable artificial solid-electrolyte interface layer covalently linked to graphite for lithium ion battery: Molecular dynamics simulations. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 2016, 163(6): A917–A922 https://doi.org/10.1149/2.0611606jes

[1]	Chao Wang, Jun Chen, Jihua He, Jing Jiang, Qinyong Zhang. Effect of electrolyte concentration on the tribological performance of MAO coatings on aluminum alloys[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2020, 14(6): 1065-1071.
[2]	Wenming Li, Weijian Tang, Maoqin Qiu, Qiuge Zhang, Muhammad Irfan, Zeheng Yang, Weixin Zhang. Effects of gradient concentration on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of LiNi_0.6Co_0.2Mn_0.2O₂ cathode materials[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2020, 14(6): 988-996.
[3]	Linghui Yu, Jiansong Miao, Yi Jin, Jerry Y.S. Lin. A comparative study on polypropylene separators coated with different inorganic materials for lithium-ion batteries[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(3): 346-352.
[4]	Stefania Moioli,Laura A. Pellegrini. Modeling the methyldiethanolamine-piperazine scrubbing system for CO₂ removal: Thermodynamic analysis[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(1): 162-175.
[5]	XU Yunlong, TAO Lili, MA Hongyan, HUANG Huaqing. LiFePO/C cathode materials synthesized by co-precipitation and microwave heating [J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2008, 2(4): 422-427.
[6]	ZHANG Mei, CUI Zhenyu, ZHU Baoku, HAN Gaige, XU Youyi, ZHANG Aiqing. Preparation and properties of gel membrane containing porous PVDF-HFP matrix and cross-linked PEG for lithium ion conduction[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2008, 2(1): 89-94.
[7]	YE Lin, ZHAO Yumei, FENG Zengguo, BAI Ying, WU Feng. Synthesis of copolymers of 3-acryloyloxymethyl-3′-methyloxetane and 3-(2-(2-(2-Methoxyethylenoxy)ethylenoxy)ethylenoxy)-3′-methyloxetane and their ionic conductivity properties[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2007, 1(4): 343-348.
[8]	KE Yangchuan, SUN Mingzhuo, SONG Yanxin, YANG GuangFu. Preparation and properties of nano SiO2 core-shell structured additives and their nanocomposite with polypropylene[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2007, 1(1): 76-80.
[9]	ZHONG Li, LUO Jingli, Karl Chuang. Fabrication and performance of PEN SOFCs with proton-conducting electrolyte[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2007, 1(1): 40-44.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed