Plasma-enabled healing of graphene nano-platelets layer

doi:10.1007/s11705-018-1787-7

Front. Chem. Sci. Eng.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (2) : 350-359 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-018-1787-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Plasma-enabled healing of graphene nano-platelets layer

Xiuqi Fang¹, Carles Corbella¹(

), Denis B. Zolotukhin^1,², Michael Keidar¹

¹. Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
². Department of Physics, Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, Tomsk 634050, Russia

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Abstract

Graphene platelet networks (GPNs) were deposited onto silicon substrates by means of anodic arc discharge ignited between two graphite electrodes. Substrate temperature and pressure of helium atmosphere were optimized for the production of the carbon nanomaterials. The samples were modified or destroyed with different methods to mimic typical environments responsible of severe surface degradation. The emulated conditions were performed by four surface treatments, namely thermal oxidation, substrate overheating, exposition to glow discharge, and metal coating due to arc plasma. In the next step, the samples were regenerated on the same substrates with identical deposition technique. Damaging and re-growth of GPN samples were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The full regeneration of the structural and morphological properties of the samples has proven that this healing method by arc plasma is adequate for restoring the functionality of 2D nanostructures exposed to harsh environments.

Keywords graphene platelet networks anodic arc discharge plasma healing scanning electron microscopy Raman spectroscopy

Corresponding Author(s): Carles Corbella

Online First Date: 22 March 2019 Issue Date: 22 May 2019

Cite this article:

Xiuqi Fang,Carles Corbella,Denis B. Zolotukhin, et al. Plasma-enabled healing of graphene nano-platelets layer[J]. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(2): 350-359.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-018-1787-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2019/V13/I2/350

Fig.1 Scheme of the reactor (not in scale) for synthesis of graphene nanoplatelets by anodic arc plasma discharge. Also, the transfer of GPN samples between the working stages of degradation environment and discharge healing is represented

Fig.2 (a) SEM top view of a GPN sample deposited by anodic arc discharge on c-Si at 800°C; (b) Raman spectrum of GPN showing the different carbon peaks. GPN structure is assessed by the features DG_FWHM≤100 cm^?¹ and I(G')/I(G) ≈ 1

Fig.3 (a) The oxidation process on the GPNs silicon substrate; (b) The healing process for the oxidation is shown by the corresponding SEM images and Raman spectra

Fig.4 (a) Graphene healing process with overheating the substrate step 1: GPNs grown on the silicon substrate; step 2: Overheat the substrate and destroy the surface deposition; step 3: GPNs re-growth with arc discharge plasma; (b) Sample just after the overheating process. The central region of exposed substrate was previously covered by a dark GPN coating

Fig.5 5-step healing effect experiment done with overheating the silicon substrate. The Raman spectra on the right side show structural recovering after arc discharge deposition

Fig.6 (a) Experimental setup used to perform glow discharge surface treatment on silicon by means of AC argon plasma; (b) Image of the glow discharge emission taken from the reactor port view

Fig.7 SEM images and Raman spectra for graphene healing process with glow discharge

Fig.8 Sketch of the experimental setup for the discharge ignition in the µCAT

Fig.9 The healing process for the mCAT coating shows that the initial network structure is recovered after re-growth of GPN onto the Ti-coated sample

Fig.10 (a) Schematic representation of the experimental setup; (b) Image of the cathodic arc plasma as taken from a port view of the chamber

Fig.11 SEM images and Raman spectra corresponding to the healing process for the cathodic arc plasma coating

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