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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

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Front Envir Sci Eng Chin    2011, Vol. 5 Issue (2) : 243-254    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-010-0276-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China
Lei LIU, Xiaoming MA()
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Abstract

The rapid urbanization of China is causing a burden on their water resources and hindering their sustainable development. This paper analyzes effective methods to integrated river basin management (IRBM) using Longgang River basin of Shenzhen as an example, which is the city with the fastest rate of urbanization in China and even the whole world. Over the past 20 years, China has undergone a population boom due to the increase of immigrant workers and rapid development of labor-intensive industries, which led to the sharp increase of water consumption and sewage discharge. However, the construction of the water infrastructure is still lagging far behind the environmental and social development, with only 32.7% of sewage in the district being treated. Currently, every water quality indicator of the Longgang River basin was unable to meet the required corresponding environmental standards, which further aggravated the water shortages of the region. Thus, an analytical framework is proposed to address the IRBM of the study area. The problems with the current management system include the lack of decentralization in decision-making, lack of enforcement with redundant plans, weak management capacity, financial inadequacy, and a poor system of stakeholder participation. In light of the principles of IRBM and the situation of the region, corresponding measures are put forward, including an increase of power given to sub-district offices, fewer but more feasible plans, capacity building among stakeholders, a combination of planning and marketing for overcoming financial inadequacy, and profound reform in the public participation system. The framework and institutional suggestions could inform similar processes in other representative river basins.

Keywords integrated river basin management (IRBM) model      Longgang River basin      Shenzhen      decentralization      stakeholder participation     
Corresponding Author(s): MA Xiaoming,Email:xmma@pku.edu.cn   
Issue Date: 05 June 2011
 Cite this article:   
Lei LIU,Xiaoming MA. Integrated river basin management in rapidly urbanizing areas: a case of Shenzhen, China[J]. Front Envir Sci Eng Chin, 2011, 5(2): 243-254.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-010-0276-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2011/V5/I2/243
Fig.1  Location of study area
Fig.2  Land use of the Longgang district
Fig.3  Main PSI of the Longgang River basin in 2007
Fig.4  Variation tendency of IPI of the Longgang River basin
Fig.5  Institutional framework of IRBM
Fig.6  Current administrative system of the Longgang River basin
measuresspecifications
clean drinking water source areaeliminating industries and livestock breeding in core area; repairing existing drain outlet;pollution control of rivers that flow into drinking water reservoirs.
pollution abatementchannel dredging and silt recycling as well as water surface cleaning;low-impact development (LID) techniques for controlling non-point pollution [42,43].best management practices (BMPs) for combined sewer overflows (CSO) and sanitary sewer overflows (SSO) control [44].
sewage collection system reformestablishment of sewage collection pipes for treatment plants;separate collection system for rain and sewage;rectifying wrong network access in “urban villages”a).
build water-saving communitypromoting water-saving devices;quality-based water supply and discharge;raising community awareness on water saving.
industrial water managementcontrolling labor-intensive industries while developing service industriesb);enhancing environmental requirements for market access of industriesc);taking water-saving equipment into “Three Synchronizations” systemd);setting and implementing water use and reuse standard.
water resources developmentwater replenishment with tail water after advanced treatment;increasing the water-holding capacity of flood detention area and utilizing saved water in dry season;seawater desalination.
planned water usedeveloping annual water use plans and implementing total amount control;strengthening audit and record of water consumption.
Tab.1  Outline of water resources plan in study area
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