Reuse of heavy metal-accumulating <i>Cynondon dactylon</i> in remediation of water contaminated by heavy metals

doi:10.1007/s11783-013-0619-8

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2014, Vol. 8

Issue (6) : 952-959 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-013-0619-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Reuse of heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon in remediation of water contaminated by heavy metals

Dongdong MA,Hongwen GAO(

)

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China

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Abstract

Phytoremediation technology is regarded as a simple and efficient way to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil. A reasonable disposal of metal hyperaccumulators is always a major issue in waste reuse and resource-saving. The heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon (L.) was investigated where heavy metals were desorbed by a facile acid-treatment. The result indicated that more than 90% of heavy metals (Zn, Pb and Cu) was extracted from Cynondon dactylon with 0.2 mmol·L^-1 HCl. The plant residue was used to adsorb heavy metals ions. The adsorption fitted the Langmuir isotherm model with the saturation adsorption capacity of 9.5 mg·g^-1 Zn²⁺, 36.2 mg·g^-1 Pb²⁺ and 12.9 mg·g^-1 Cu²⁺, and the surface complexation and the backfilling of heavy metal-imprinting cavities existed simultaneously during the adsorption. The treatment of wastewaters indicated that the plant residue exhibited a high removal rate of 97% for Cu. Also, the material could be recycled. The method offers a new disposal approach for heavy metal hyperaccumulator.

Keywords heavy metals Cynondon dactylon acid-treatment adsorption recycling

Corresponding Author(s): Hongwen GAO

Online First Date: 17 December 2013 Issue Date: 17 November 2014

Cite this article:

Dongdong MA,Hongwen GAO. Reuse of heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon in remediation of water contaminated by heavy metals[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2014, 8(6): 952-959.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-013-0619-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2014/V8/I6/952

Fig.1 Schematic illustration for acid-treatment of Cynondon dactylon and its reuse. (a) heavy metals-hyperaccumulating Cynondon dactylon growing in the heavy metal-contaminated soil; (b) distribution and binding of heavy metals in plant tissue; (c) acid-treatment for removing heavy metals and then leaving the metal-imprinting cavities; (d) adsorbing and backfilling of heavy metals onto the acid-treatment material and its recycling

Fig.2 Influences of acidity (a), solid-liquid ratio (b) and time (c) on release of heavy metals from RCD. (a) 1- Zn, 2- Pb and 3- Cu; (b) and (c) 1- Zn⁺², 2- Pb⁺² and 3- Cu⁺² existed in the supernatants

Fig.3 Infrared spectra of RCD (1), ATCD (2) and ATCD adsorbing Zn (3)

Fig.4 Adsorption of heavy metal ions (Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺) to RCD (2) and ATCD (3). (a): Single metal ions solution; (b): The solution mixed with heavy metals. 1- initial concentration, 2- after adsorption with RCD and 3- after adsorption with ATCD

Fig.5 Adsorption of heavy metals ions on ATCD. (a) plots q_e vs. C₀ and (b) plots C_e/q_e vs. C_e. 1- Zn²⁺, 2- Pb²⁺ and 3- Cu²⁺

Fig.6 Effects of pH (a) and connect time (b) on adsorption of heavy metals ions on ATCD. 0.100 to 0.1 g of ATCD was added to 10 mL of 100 mg·L^-1 Zn²⁺ (1), 100 mg·L^-1 Pb²⁺ (2) or 100 mg·L^-1 Cu²⁺ (3), respectively

Fig.7 Two copper wastewater samples were treated. (a) Cu²⁺ in the raw wastewater (1) and its supernatants treated with RCD (2) and ATCD (3); (b) Cu²⁺ in the raw wastewater (m) (10 mL) and its supernatants treated with ATCD (0.20 to 0.2 g) for four cycle (2 to 4)

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