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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2015, Vol. 9 Issue (4) : 665-674    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-014-0701-x
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Assessment on contaminations in sediments of an intake and the inflow canals in Taihu Lake, China
Xiaolong WANG(),Shiming DING,Qi ZHANG,Weiping HU
State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Abstract

As the second largest freshwater lake in China, Taihu Lake provides water supply to approximately 32 million inhabitants around the lake. However, dramatically increased pollution has threatened the safety of drinking water supply in recent years. In the present study, we investigated the contaminations of nutrients and heavy metals in the sediments of an intake and inflow canals in Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake. Moreover, we also examined the impact of human activities on spatial distribution characteristics of contaminations. Our results showed that the intake presented relatively lower concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen compared with inflow canals. However, the concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb in the sediments of the intake exceeded the lowest effect level (LEL) values, indicating a potential risk to drinking water resource. In addition, the concentrations of Ni in the sediments of Tianji Canal and Jinshu Canal exceeded the severe effect level (SEL) value. More importantly, the concentrations of Cu in the sediments of Tianji Canal exceeded three times of the SEL value. Multivariate statistical analysis confirmed that the domestic sewage primarily contributed to the nutrient accumulation, and the leakage of electronic trash dominated the enrichment of metals in the sediments. Taken together, more effort should be made to ensure the security of water resources in Taihu Lake, especially for the treatment of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater.
Keywords drinking water resource      nutrients      heavy metals      sediments      Taihu Lake     
Corresponding Author(s): Xiaolong WANG   
Online First Date: 07 May 2014    Issue Date: 25 June 2015
 Cite this article:   
Weiping HU,Qi ZHANG,Shiming DING, et al. Assessment on contaminations in sediments of an intake and the inflow canals in Taihu Lake, China[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2015, 9(4): 665-674.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-014-0701-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2015/V9/I4/665
Fig.1  Location of Taihu Lake , Gonghu Bay and sampling sites
sample site locations land use pattern along the canal abundance of the hydrophytes protection region
intake water intake of Gonghu Bay Water Works water body + + + * Y
TJ-1 mouth of Tianji Canal villages, farmlands and small recycle bins of electronic trash, plastics and scraps + + Y
TJ-2 course of Tianji Canal villages, farmlands, and small recycle bins of electronic trash, plastics and scraps + Y
JS-1 mouth of Jinshu Canal Jinshu town, fishing boats, villages and small recycle bins of electronic trash, plastics and scraps + + Y
JS-2 course of Jinshu Canal Jinshu town, villages and small recycle bins of electronic trash, plastics and scraps + + Y
LT-1 mouth of Longtan Canal farmlands, fishing boats and nurseries + + + + Y
LT-2 course of Longtan Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + + Y
NB mouth of Nanbang Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + Y
ZJC mouth of Zhujiacun Canal Dongzhu town, fishing boats, farmlands + + + Y
YSX mouth of Yushexin Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + + Y
MS mouth of Mashan Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + N
MDL mouth of Maduli Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + N
SF mouth of Shifan Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + + N
XS mouth of Xinsheng Canal farmlands and nurseries + + + + N
Tab.1  Description of sampling sites of the intake and inflow canals, Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake
Fig.2  Average and standard deviation concentrations of nutrient in the sediments of the intake and inflow canals, Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake: (a) pH; (b) TOC; (c) TN; (d) TP; (e) AN; (f) AP
Fig.3  Contents of heavy metals in sediment samples within the intake and inflow canals of Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake along with Lowest Effect Level (LEL) and Severe Effect Level (SEL) of NYSDEC: (a) Hg; (b) Cr; (c) Cd; (d) Ni; (e) Cu; (f) Zn; (g) Pb
Variables Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3
Ph -0.103 -0.756 0.162
TOC 0.634 0.163 0.515
TN 0.799 0.322 0.273
TP 0.636 0.427 0.407
AN 0.816 0.277 0.404
AP 0.677 0.398 0.269
Hg 0.713 0.541 0.220
Cr 0.165 0.089 0.904
Cd 0.963 0.063 0.095
Ni 0.319 0.766 0.258
Cu 0.124 0.921 0.238
Zn 0.847 0.316 0.300
Pb 0.230 0.032 0.825
Eigenvalues 4.89 3.22 2.69
% total variance 42% 27% 21%
Tab.2  Factor loading matrix for the variables of sediments after a varimax rotation in the water intake and inflow canals of Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake
Fig.4  Dendrogram of Cluster Analysis based on data sets of variables of nutrients and heavy metals in sediment within the intake and inflow canals of Gonghu Bay, Taihu Lake
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