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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

Postal Subscription Code 80-973

2018 Impact Factor: 3.883

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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2015, Vol. 9 Issue (1) : 112-120    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-014-0745-y
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Removal of organic matter and disinfection by-products precursors in a hybrid process combining ozonation with ceramic membrane ultrafiltration
Xiaojiang FAN1,Yi TAO1,Dequan WEI1,Xihui ZHANG1,*(),Ying LEI1,Hiroshi NOGUCHI2
1. Research Center for Environmental Engineering & Management, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
2. Meidensha Corporation, Meiko Building, 5-5-5 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-8616, Japan
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Abstract

The performance of an integrated process including coagulation, ozonation, ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) and biologic activated carbon (BAC) filtration was investigated for the removal of organic matter and disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors from micro-polluted surface water. A pilot scale plant with the capacity of 120 m3 per day was set up and operated for the treatment of drinking water. Ceramic membranes were used with the filtration area of 50 m2 and a pore size of 60 nm. Dissolved organic matter was divided into five fractions including hydrophobic acid (HoA), base (HoB) and neutral (HoN), weakly hydrophobic acid (WHoA) and hydrophilic matter (HiM) by DAX-8 and XAD-4 resins. The experiment results showed that the removal of organic matter was significantly improved with ozonation in advance. In sum, the integrated process removed 73% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 87% of UV254, 77% of trihalomethane (THMs) precursors, 76% of haloacetic acid (HAAs) precursors, 83%of trichloracetic aldehyde (CH) precursor, 77% of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) precursor, 51% of trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) precursor, 96% of 1,1,1-trichloroacetone (TCP) precursor and 63% of trichloronitromethane (TCNM) precursor. Hydrophobic organic matter was converted into hydrophilic organic matter during ozonation/UF, while the organic matter with molecular weight of 1000–3000 Da was remarkably decreased and converted into lower molecular weight organic matter ranged from 200–500 Da. DOC had a close linear relationship with the formation potential of DBPs.
Keywords ceramic ultrafiltration(UF)      ozonation      organic matter      hydrophilic      hydrophobic      disinfection by-products     
Corresponding Author(s): Xihui ZHANG   
Online First Date: 09 July 2014    Issue Date: 31 December 2014
 Cite this article:   
Xiaojiang FAN,Yi TAO,Dequan WEI, et al. Removal of organic matter and disinfection by-products precursors in a hybrid process combining ozonation with ceramic membrane ultrafiltration[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2015, 9(1): 112-120.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-014-0745-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2015/V9/I1/112
parameters units raw water product water Chinese drinking water standards
pH – 6.59–6.94 6.4–7.0 6.5–8.5
temperature °C 18.8–21.5 18.5–21.7 not defined
turbidity NTU 8.79–62.5 <0.2 1
ammonia mg·L-1 1.192–2.581 0.01–0.65 0.5
nitrite mg·L-1 0.347–0.677 0–0.048 1.00
Fe mg·L-1 0.4–0.8 <0.05 0.3
Mn mg·L-1 0.04–0.06 <0.01 0.1
Br- mg·L-1 <0.02 <0.01 not defined
B r O 3 - mg·L-1 <0.005 <0.005 0.01
DOCa) mg·L-1 1.92–2.83 <1 not defined
CODMn mg·L-1 1.315–2.853 <0.5 3
UV254 m-1 3.4–6.6 <1 not defined
Tab.1  Characteristics of raw water and product water of the pilot plant
Fig.1  Schematic representing the pilot scale treatment process for drinking water
Fig.2  Analytical procedure for preparative fractionation of dissolved organic carbon
compound precursor ions transition ions recovery /%(n = 5) LODa)/(μg·L-1) LOQb) /(μg·L-1)
CHCl3 95±0.5 0.02 0.5
CHCl2Br 96±1 0.016 0.4
CHClBr2 95±1 0.016 0.4
CHBr3 93±1 0.025 0.6
CH 96±1 0.04 0.5
DCAN 94±2 0.05 0.4
TCAN 95±1 0.045 0.6
TCP 92±3 0.05 0.8
TCNM 93±2 0.05 0.8
MCAA 92.8 36.7 98±0.5 0.53 1.5
MBAA 136.8 78.7 101±2 0.016 0.053
DCAA 126.9 82.6 95±3 0.025 0.083
BCAA 172.6 80.8 97±3 0.04 0.12
TCAA 162.8 118.8 100±2 0.079 0.26
DBAA 218.7 80.8 102±4 0.16 0.51
BDCAA 208.0 80.7 85±2 0.4 1.3
DBCAA 252.7 80.8 91±1 0.9 2.6
Tab.2  Quality control performances during multiple parameter analyses
Fig.3  Removal of DOC during treatments with or without ozonation
Fig.4  The transformation of different fractions during treatment process((a) for without ozone, (b) for with ozone)
Fig.5  The molecular weight distribution of organic matter during UF without (a) or with ozonation(b)
Fig.6  Removal of DBPs precursors during treatments with or without ozonation (a–f) and the correlation between DOC, SUVA, THMFP, and HAAFP (g, h)
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