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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

Postal Subscription Code 80-973

2018 Impact Factor: 3.883

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2016, Vol. 10 Issue (3) : 513-521    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-015-0777-y
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Vacuum promotes metabolic shifts and increases biogenic hydrogen production in dark fermentation systems
Haifa RAJHI1,Daniel PUYOL2,Mirna C. MARTÍNEZ3,Emiliano E. DÍAZ3,José L. SANZ1,*()
1. Department of Molecular Biology, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
2. Section of Chemical Engineering, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
3. MYGEN Laboratory, Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
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Abstract

The successful operation of any type of hydrogen-producing bioreactor depends on the performance of the microorganisms present in the system. Both substrate and partial gas pressures are crucial factors affecting dark fermentation metabolic pathways. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of both factors on hydrogen production using anaerobic granular sludge as inoculum and, secondly, to study the metabolic shifts of an anaerobic community subjected to low partial gas pressures. With this goal in mind, seven different wastewater (four synthetic media, two industrial wastewater, and one domestic effluent) and the effect of applying vacuum on the systems were analyzed. The application of vacuum promoted an increase in the diversity of hydrogen-producing bacteria, such as Clostridium, and promoted the dominance of acetoclastic- over hydrogenotrophic methanogens. The application of different media promoted a wide variety of metabolic pathways. Nevertheless, reduction of the hydrogen partial pressure by application of vacuum lead to further oxidation of reaction intermediates irrespective of the medium used, which resulted in higher hydrogen and methane production, and improved the COD removal. Interestingly, vacuum greatly promoted biogenic hydrogen production from a real wastewater, which opens possibilities for future application of dark fermentation systems to enhance biohydrogen yields.

Keywords dark fermentation      biohydrogen      wastewaters      vacuum     
Corresponding Author(s): José L. SANZ   
Online First Date: 05 March 2015    Issue Date: 05 April 2016
 Cite this article:   
Haifa RAJHI,Daniel PUYOL,Mirna C. MARTíNEZ, et al. Vacuum promotes metabolic shifts and increases biogenic hydrogen production in dark fermentation systems[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(3): 513-521.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-015-0777-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2016/V10/I3/513
media composition (mg·L-1) (mg COD·L-1)
synthetic wastewaters reactor (MR) sucrose 2000
meat extract 1000 4000
glucose (MG) glucose 4000 4250
meat extract (ME) meat extract 3000 3850
olive oil (MO) olive oil 1 mL·L-1
real wastewaters wastewater from a brewery (Mahou SA, Spain) (IW1) 3900
industrial oil recovery plant (Madrid, Spain) (IW2) 4000
domestic wastewater treatment plant (Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain) (DW) 900
macronutrients solution NH4CL 280
K2HPO4 328
MgSO4 100
NaHCO3 500
Yeast extract 500
Tab.1  Composition of the different media used in the batch experiments
Fig.1  DGGE analyses of the bacterial (a) and archaeal (b) communities established in the different media assayed. The band fragments were excised and the phylogenetic affiliation of the successfully sequenced are presented in Supporting information (SI-Table 1 and SI-Table 2)
media final pH COD removed/% main fermentative pathwaya)
MR 5.3 29.3±0.1 (36.4)b) mixed acid, heterolactic
MRV 6.8 52.5±0.2 (47.4)
MG 4.4 25±0.4 (24.3) mixed acid
MGV 3.9 75±0.1 (94.9)
ME 7 15±0.6 (36.5) propionic, Stickland reaction
MEV 7.6 32.3±0.4 (43.7)
MO 7.2 91.8±0.1 (95.5)c) β-oxidation
MOV 7.5 97.4±0.1 (97.2)c)
IW1 7.1 72.3±0.1 (74.8) propionic
IW1V 8.3 97.3±0.1 (99.9)
IW2 7 84.3±0.2 (79.6) mixed acid
IW2V 6.6 80.8±0.2 (92.8)
DW 7.2 81.9±0.1 (81.7) butyric, mixed acid
DWV 8.1 81±0.1 (92.4)
Tab.2  Final pH, COD removal efficiency, and main fermentative pathways in the different media studied
Fig.2  Fermentation end products from synthetic (MR, MG, ME and MO) and real (IW1, IW2 and DW) media operated under no vacuum (black-bars) and vacuum (gray-bars) conditions. Error bars are standard deviations from duplicate measurements.
media H2/(mL·L-1) H2/(mg COD·L-1)a) CH4/(mL·L-1) CH4/(mg COD·L-1)a) COD closing balance/%b) H2 variation/(mg COD·L-1)d) CH4 variation/(mg COD·L-1)d)
MR 449 632 425 1053 100.7 -28 241
MRV 429 604 523 1294 100.8
MG 486 685 196 486 100.3 2526 363
MGV 2280 3211 343 849 99.3
ME 0 0 1100 2724 100.3 1585 -1314
MEV 1125 1585 570 1410 99.2
MO 0 0.4 212 524 -c) 385 -251
MOV 273 385 110 273 -c)
IW1 0 0 1218 3016 98.2 3223 -2249
IW1V 2288 3223 310 767 98.7
IW2 1432 2017 439 1086 101.7 834 -248
IW2V 2024 2851 339 838 98.8
DW 0 0 338 836 98.4 690 -595
DWV 490 690 97 241 100.9
Tab.3  Methane and hydrogen produced in the different media studied and COD closing balance
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