Effects of reducing agent and approaching anodes on chromium removal in electrokinetic soil remediation

doi:10.1007/s11783-015-0791-0

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (2) : 253-261 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-015-0791-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Effects of reducing agent and approaching anodes on chromium removal in electrokinetic soil remediation

Xiaona WEI^1,²,Shuhai GUO^1,^*(

),Bo WU¹,Fengmei LI¹,Gang LI¹

1. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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Abstract

A soil remediation method combining in situ reduction of Cr(VI) with approaching anodes electrokinetic (AAs-EK) remediation is proposed. EK experiments were conducted to compare the effect of approaching anodes (AAs) and fixed electrodes (FEs) with and without sodium bisulfite (NaHSO₃) as a reducing agent. When NaHSO₃ was added to the soil before EK treatment, 90.3% of the Cr(VI) was reduced to Cr(III). EK experiments showed that the adverse effect of contrasting migration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species, which limits the practical application of this technique, was eliminated in the presence of the reducing agent. Furthermore, Tessier fractionation analysis indicated that the reducing agent changed the distribution of the chemical forms of Cr. The AAs-EK method was shown to acidize the soil as the anode moved toward the cathode and this acid front pushed the “focusing” region toward the cathode. After remediation, the pH of the soil was between 1.8 and 5.0 in AAs-EK experiments. The total Cr removal efficiency was 64.4% (except in the “focusing” region) when the reduction reaction was combined with AAs-EK method. We conclude that AAs-EK remediation in the presence of NaHSO₃ is an appropriate method for Cr-contaminated soil.

Keywords chromium reduction reaction contrasting migration approaching anode electrokinetic

Corresponding Author(s): Shuhai GUO

Online First Date: 14 May 2015 Issue Date: 01 February 2016

Cite this article:

Xiaona WEI,Shuhai GUO,Bo WU, et al. Effects of reducing agent and approaching anodes on chromium removal in electrokinetic soil remediation[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(2): 253-261.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-015-0791-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2016/V10/I2/253

Tab.1 Composition and properties of tested soil

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the EK apparatus

Tab.2 Initial conditions for electrokinetic experiments

Fig.2 Changes in electrical currents over time within each experiment

Fig.3 Changes in soil pH during the EK treatment in (a) test A, (b) test B, (c) test C, (d) test D

Fig.4 Variation of Cr chemical fractionation after reduction

Fig.5 Residual total Cr after EK treatment

Fig.6 Time dependent distribution of total Cr during EK remediation in (a) test A, (b) test B, (c) test C, (d) test D

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