Odour reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0928-4

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2017, Vol. 11

Issue (3) : 7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-0928-4

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Odour reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment

Kajetan Kalus¹(

), Sebastian Opaliński¹, Devin Maurer², Somchai Rice², Jacek A. Koziel², Mariusz Korczyński¹, Zbigniew Dobrzański¹, Roman Kołacz¹, Beata Gutarowska³

¹. Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
². Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
³. Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Lódź University of Technology, 90-924 Łódź, Poland

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Abstract

Topical application of microbial-mineral manure additive was investigated.

Mineral sorbent treatment reduced VOCs emissions by 31% to 83%.

Bio-additive treatment reduced VOCs emissions 9% to 96%.

There were no significant differences between applied treatments.

Aroma profile of the poultry manure has been determined.

Poultry production systems are associated with emissions of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia (NH₃), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), greenhouse gases, and particulate matter. Development of mitigation technologies for these emissions is important. Previous laboratory-scale research on microbial-mineral treatment has shown to be effective for mitigation of NH₃, H₂S and amines emissions from poultry manure. The aim of this research was to assess the effectiveness of surface application of a microbial-mineral treatment for other important odorants, i.e., phenolics and sulfur-containing VOCs. Microbial-mineral litter additive consisting of 20% (w/w) of bacteria powder (six strains of heterotrophic bacteria) and 80% of mineral carrier (perlite-bentonite) was used at a dose of 500 g?m^-² (per ~31 kg of manure). Samples of air were collected in two series, 4 and 7 days after application of additives. An odor profile of the poultry manure was determined using simultaneous chemical and sensory analysis. Reduction levels of VOCs determined on Day 4 was between 31% and 83% for mineral adsorbent treatment and in the range of 9% and 96% for microbial-mineral additive, depending on the analyzed compound. Reduction levels on Day 7 were considerably lower than on Day 4, suggesting that the odorous VOCs treatment efficacy is relatively short. There was no significant difference between treatments consisting of microbial-mineral additive and mineral carrier alone.

Keywords Odour mitigation Poultry manure additive GC-MS-Olfactometry Volatile organic compounds

Corresponding Author(s): Kajetan Kalus

Issue Date: 13 April 2017

Cite this article:

Kajetan Kalus,Sebastian Opaliński,Devin Maurer, et al. Odour reducing microbial-mineral additive for poultry manure treatment[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(3): 7.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-0928-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2017/V11/I3/7

Fig.1 Laboratory-scale system for controlled studies of surficial treatments of poultry manure and mitigation of odour and gaseous emissions at Iowa State University

Fig.2 Comparison of % reduction in target gas emissions, Day 4

compound	RT / min	spectral match with MS database	Day 4	Day 7
			C	MA	MMLA	SEM	P-value	C	MA	MMLA	SEM	P-value
			H	SD	H	SEM	P-value	SD	H	SD	SEM	P-value	H	SD	H	SD	H	SD
1. methanethiol	2.80	86%	12723	9125	7244	4430	3516	1104	1698	0.0294	4126	1225	5339	1916	6444	3176	468	0.2269
2. dimethyl sulfide	3.17	93%	100273	71083	18316	17684	3555	971	16984	0.0463	15884	16852	11845	11439	16268	11947	2917	0.6387
3. 2-butanone	4.15	74%	72537	53920	12340	11897	2879	311	12589	0.0151	16463	17514	14830	16224	13967	9853	3074	0.8671
4. 2-butanol	5.22	79%	16139	6138	3502	2444	14640	19361	3503	0.0961	13108	15861	10728	9628	7567	4230	2294	0.9828
5. 2-pentanone	5.60	59%	15271	9187	4170	3129	2298	1098	2154	0.022	2655	1695	4304	3228	6456	3864	706	0.1572
6. s-methyl thioacetate	6.37	93%	8170	3478	1690	774	1413	442	1002	0.0066	3516	3716	2636	1980	1436	946	551	0.4263
7. dimethyl disulfide	7.25	94%	800227	790731	513895	513207	129163	126608	148947	0.2443	19666	20920	6995	1875	62689	46311	8056	0.0225
8. methyl ethyl disulfide	9.55	88%	15019	16269	9489	10108	1304	227	3160	0.0423	1001	249	3438	4942	1634	396	736	0.1389
9. 2-hepatanone	10.87	81%	9830	7951	6797	6849	1991	948	1670	0.2963	2404	1820	1822	1028	3246	1817	337	0.2758
10. 3-octanone	13.32	93%	18672	17429	8445	8031	1834	729	3327	0.0716	3036	1409	4208	3260	3150	1796	488	0.8176
11. dimethyl trisulfide	14.07	95%	441651	484344	112144	100126	50238	19648	80870	0.1129	15804	14597	5569	4293	38127	29594	4846	0.0718
12. 2-acetylfuran	14.48	54%	12110	10497	5762	5490	2650	1919	1933	0.1661	1676	853	3040	3049	1966	890	436	0.8043
13. phenol	21.87	94%	287710	173152	136910	82087	209976	132015	34648	0.3295	143685	132660	109257	144833	156696	149677	28073	0.5458
14. 4-methylphenol	23.15	94%	28404	22409	10343	5932	11713	7108	3753	0.3505	12585	11991	13431	13327	6345	2967	2312	0.7562
15. 4-ethylphenol	24.58	94%	65738	63272	25621	19660	24479	17635	10164	0.5195	41488	35413	34562	26047	28151	18146	5646	0.8190

Tab.1 Effect of investigated treatments on selected tentatively identified VOCs (mean, n = 6)

Fig.3 Comparison of % reduction in target gas emissions, Day 7

Tab.2 Summary of sensory analyses on aromas and odors emitted from poultry manure

Fig.4 Gas sample comparison of aromagram (bold line) and chromatogram (thin line) resulting from a simultaneous chemical and sensory analyses. An image generated from AromaTrax software by a panelist assessing separated compounds eluting from the sniff port

Fig.5 Aroma intensity reduction of odorants eluting from GC column determined by panelist at the sniff port of GC-MS-O, Day 4

Fig.6 Aroma intensity reduction of odorants eluting from GC column determined by panelist at the sniff port of GC-MS-O, Day 7

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