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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

Postal Subscription Code 80-973

2018 Impact Factor: 3.883

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2018, Vol. 12 Issue (3) : 2    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-018-1023-1
REVIEW ARTICLE
Current state and future perspectives of sewer networks in urban China
Dong Huang1, Xiuhong Liu1, Songzhu Jiang2, Hongchen Wang1(), Junyan Wang1, Yuankai Zhang1
1. School of Environment & Resource, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
2. Chengdu Urban and Rural Construction Commission, Chengdu 610094, China
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Abstract

Sewer network construction is insufficient in China currently.

The management for sewer network is very disordered in China.

Maintenance is far from enough for current sewer networks in China.

China’s top priority for sewer networks is to elevate its overall performance.

The new technical route is an optimal option for sewer maintenance in China.

Chinese authorities and the public have largely ignored sewer networks; however, various problems are emerging nationwide with the increase construction of new sewers. The current state of sewer network construction, administration, and maintenance in China is comprehensively reviewed in this study. Serving about 444 million people, 511,200 km of sewer lines are located in urban areas. In 2014, $7 billion was invested in sewer network construction. However, both the sewer pervasion rate and the per capita sewer length were significantly lower than those in developed countries. Sewer administrative agencies in local governments are uncoordinated. Laws, regulations, and standards are incomplete, and some practices are unscientific. The future situation of sewer maintenance is extremely grim because sewer corrosion control measures have not been launched. Moreover, inspection and rehabilitation chiefly rely on traditional approaches. In contrast, the overall market share of innovative technologies is very low owing to high cost, funds shortage, and technical limitations. Approaches such as liner inversion cured-in-place pipe, pull-in ultraviolet light cured liners, and spiral wound lining are applied mostly in economically developed regions. According to status and problem analyses, China’s top priority will be to conduct aggressive maintenance work in sewer networks in the future. New technical route, corrosion control - periodic visualized inspection - trenchless rehabilitation, could be the best option for future sewer maintenance in China. Instructions and opportunities for applying this technical route are discussed in detail in this study. Finally, additional factors in the development of sewer networks in China are suggested.

Keywords Sewer network      China      Management      Sewer corrosion      Sewer inspection      Trenchless rehabilitation     
Corresponding Author(s): Hongchen Wang   
Issue Date: 07 February 2018
 Cite this article:   
Dong Huang,Xiuhong Liu,Songzhu Jiang, et al. Current state and future perspectives of sewer networks in urban China[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(3): 2.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-018-1023-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2018/V12/I3/2
Fig.1  (a) Total length of sewer network, wastewater production and wastewater treatment amount from 2005 to 2014 in urban China; (b) public sewer length and sewer pervasion rate comparison between China and some developed countries
Region Sewer line length
(104 m)
Per capita sewer line length (m) Per capita GDP
(1000 dollars)
Per capita water consumption
(L)
Storm sewer length
(km)
Sanitary sewer length
(km)
Combined sewer length
(km)
North China 6.90 1.10 8.44 251.53 31152 25703 11657
Northeast China 3.66 0.76 7.84 301.85 10632 10752 15190
East China 22.08 1.57 9.25 369.56 97401 94589 28856
Central China 5.34 0.93 6.08 311.86 19344 16097 18004
South China 6.26 0.98 7.95 449.87 20163 21734 20716
Southwest China 4.80 1.03 5.01 282.63 22185 18138 7687
Northwest China 2.12 0.81 5.87 308.64 10282 5104 5794
Tab.1  Sewer line length; per capita sewer line length; per capita GDP; per capita water consumption; and number of sanitary sewer, storm sewer, and combined sewer for different areas in China
Name of regions Length of drainage pipelines
(km)
Per capita sewer lines length
(m)
Per capita GDP
(thousand dollars)
Per capita water consumption
(L)
Beijing 14290 0.77 14.96 268.84
Tianjin 18748 2.38 15.75 283.03
Hebei 15924 0.98 5.98 254.81
Shanxi 7428 0.68 5.25 210.08
Inner Mongolia 12123 1.39 10.63 231.68
Liaoning 16783 0.74 9.76 328.36
Jilin 9870 0.85 7.51 253.37
Heilongjiang 9922 0.72 5.87 298.71
Shanghai 20972 0.86 14.57 358.33
Jiangsu 66256 2.22 12.25 448.99
Zhejiang 35960 1.77 10.93 416.64
Anhui 24580 1.72 5.15 320.92
Fujian 12709 1.12 9.50 377.96
Jiangxi 10814 1.09 5.19 294.14
Shandong 49554 1.63 9.11 313.56
Henan 19348 0.81 5.55 217.98
Hubei 21484 1.14 7.06 392.84
Hunan 12612 0.87 6.03 362.03
Guangdong 50320 0.98 9.50 450.56
Guangxi 8771 0.88 4.95 448.48
Hainan 3522 1.33 5.83 441.65
Chongqing 11081 0.89 7.16 248.66
Sichuan 20606 1.05 5.26 307.17
Guizhou 5577 1.03 3.96 282.58
Yunnan 10136 1.22 4.08 257.02
Tibet 610 0.91 4.38 507.41
Shaanxi 7237 0.82 7.02 288.79
Gansu 5016 0.88 3.96 261.16
Qinghai 1469 0.89 5.94 414.16
Ningxia 1460 0.53 6.26 304.01
Xinjiang 5997 0.83 6.08 347.95
Tab.2  Sewer line length, per capita sewer line length, per capita GDP, per capita water consumption in different provinces
Fig.2  (a) Investment in infrastructure construction program of municipal wastewater treatment, reclamation, and reuse during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan; (b) actual investment (2011–2014), planned investment (2011–2015), and per capita GDP in different areas in China
Name Implementation date Publication department
Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution 2008/6/1 Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
The Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China 2015/1/1 Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
Regulations on Urban Drainage and Wastewater Treatment 2014/1/1 The State Council of China
The Action Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control 2015/4/2 The State Council of China
Tab.3  Laws and administrative regulations for sewer system management in China
Fig.3  COD and BOD5 mean concentrations of WWTP influent in some cities in China
Fig.4  Cities with trenchless technologies applied, main market for trenchless rehabilitation, first applied time, and specific technology in urban China
Fig.5  Comparison of sewer construction and rehabilitation cost between China and US
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