Microbial community dynamics at high organic loading rates revealed by pyrosequencing during sugar refinery wastewater treatment in a UASB reactor

doi:10.1007/s11783-018-1045-8

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (4) : 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-018-1045-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Microbial community dynamics at high organic loading rates revealed by pyrosequencing during sugar refinery wastewater treatment in a UASB reactor

Liguo Zhang¹, Qiaoying Ban¹, Jianzheng Li²(

)

¹. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030000, China
². State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150000, China

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Abstract

High strength sugar refinery wastewater was treated in a mesophilic UASB.

Pyrosequencing reveals microbial community succession with OLR increase.

Diversity of microbial communities in OLR12 is much higher than those in OLR36 and OLR54.0 kgCOD/(kg VSS·d).

Fermentative bacteria could deal with increasing OLR through the increase of microbial diversity and quantity.

Hydrogen-producing acotogens and methanogens mainly coped with high OLR shocks by increasing the quantity of community

The performance and microbial community structure in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) treating sugar refinery wastewater were investigated. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal reached above 92.0% at organic loading rates (OLRs) of 12.0–54.0 kgCOD/(m³·d). The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in effluent were increased to 451.1 mg/L from 147.9 mg/L and the specific methane production rate improved by 1.2–2.2-fold as the OLR increased. The evolution of microbial communities in anaerobic sludge at three different OLRs was investigated using pyrosequencing. Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at a 3% distance were 353, 337 and 233 for OLR12, OLR36 and OLR54, respectively. When the OLR was increased to 54.0 kgCOD /(m³·d) from 12.0 kgCOD/(m³·d) by stepwise, the microbial community structure were changed significantly. Five genera (Bacteroides, Trichococcus, Chryseobacterium, Longilinea and Aerococcus) were the dominant fermentative bacteria at the OLR 12.0 kgCOD/(m³·d). However, the sample of OLR36 was dominated by Lactococcus, Trichococcus, Anaeroarcus and Veillonella. At the last stage (OLR= 54.0 kgCOD/(m³·d)), the diversity and percentage of fermentative bacteria were markedly increased. Apart from fermentative bacteria, an obvious shift was observed in hydrogen-producing acetogens and non-acetotrophic methanogens as OLR increased. Syntrophobacter, Geobacter and Methanomethylovorans were the dominant hydrogen-producing acetogens and methylotrophic methanogens in the samples of OLR12 and OLR36. When the OLR was increased to 54.0 kgCOD/(m³·d), the main hydrogen-producing acetogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens were substituted with Desulfovibrio and Methanospirillum. However, the composition of acetotrophic methanogens (Methanosaeta) was relatively stable during the whole operation period of the UASB reactor.

Keywords Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket Sugar refinery wastewater Organic loading rate Pyrosequencing Microbial community structure

Corresponding Author(s): Jianzheng Li

Issue Date: 10 July 2018

Cite this article:

Liguo Zhang,Qiaoying Ban,Jianzheng Li. Microbial community dynamics at high organic loading rates revealed by pyrosequencing during sugar refinery wastewater treatment in a UASB reactor[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(4): 4.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-018-1045-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2018/V12/I4/4

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the UASB in this study

Tab.1 Operational performance of the UASB under different OLR conditions

Tab.2 Sequence reads, diversity/richness indices, coverage and operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% sequence identity

Fig.2 Rarefaction curves base on pyrosequencing of all samples. The Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were defined by 3% distances

Fig.3 Heat map (a) and Principal component analysis (PCA) (b) base on pyrosequencing of all samples. (a) The y-axis is the clustering of the 60 most abundant OTUs (3% distance) in reads. The color intensity (log10 transformed) in each panel shows the number of an OTU in each sample

Fig.4 Venn diagram of OLR12, OLR36 and OLR54 based on OTUs (3% distance), and the taxonomic identities of the shared OTUs at family level. The number in parentheses represents the total number of OTUs in that community

Fig.5 The Relative abundance of microbial communities at the (a) phylum, (b) class, and (c) genus levels in all samples (OLR12, OLR36 and OLR54). Taxa represented occurred at>0.5% abundance for bacteria or>0.1% abundance for methanogens in at least one sample. Phyla, classes, and genera making up less than 0.5% for bacteria or 0.1% for methanogens of total composition in all three libraries were classified as "other"

Tab.3 Shift of dominant bacteria and archaea as OLR increase

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