Trophic mode and organics metabolic characteristic of fungal community in swine manure composting

doi:10.1007/s11783-019-1177-5

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (6) : 93 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1177-5

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Trophic mode and organics metabolic characteristic of fungal community in swine manure composting

Jing Peng^1,², Ke Wang¹(

), Xiangbo Yin¹, Xiaoqing Yin¹, Mengfei Du¹, Yingzhi Gao², Philip Antwi³, Nanqi Ren¹, Aijie Wang¹

¹. School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
². Architectural Design and Research Institute of HIT, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
³. School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou 341000, China

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Abstract

Fungal trophic modes and substrates utilization ability was observed in composting.

Fungi had the higher diversity and more trophic types in thermophilic phase.

Fungi had the higher metabolic potential in fresh swine manure and mature production.

Redox potential, organics and moisture are main factors impacting fungal community.

Composting reduced pathogenic fungi and enrich dung saprotroph fungi in swine manure.

The succession of fungal community, trophic mode and metabolic characteristics were evaluated in 60 days composting of swine manure by high-throughput sequencing, FUNGuild and Biolog method, respectively. The result showed that the fungal community diversity reached to the highest level (76 OTUs) in the thermophilic phase of composting, then sustained decline to 15 OTUs after incubation. There were 10 fungal function groups in the raw swine manure. Pathotroph-saprotroph fungi reached to 15.91% on Day-10 but disappeared on Day-60. Dung saprotroph-undefined saprotroph fungi grown from 0.19% to 52.39% during the treatment. The fungal community had more functional groups but the lower substrate degradation rates in the thermophilic phase. The fungal communities on Day-0 and Day-60 had the highest degradation rates of amino acids and polymers, respectively. Redundancy analysis showed that ORP (49.6%), VS/Ash (45.3%) and moisture (39.2%) were the main influence factors on the succession of fungal community in the swine manure composting process.

Keywords Fungus FUNGuild Biolog Trophic mode Composting Oxidation reduction potential

Corresponding Author(s): Ke Wang

Issue Date: 05 December 2019

Cite this article:

Jing Peng,Ke Wang,Xiangbo Yin, et al. Trophic mode and organics metabolic characteristic of fungal community in swine manure composting[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(6): 93.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-019-1177-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2019/V13/I6/93

Fig.1 Variation of temperature and moisture (a), pH and ORP (b) during composting.

Fig.2 Similarity analysis of fungal community during swine manure composting: (a) Rarefaction curve analysis; (b) Cluster analysis based on Bray-Curtis distance matrix; (c) Comparison of fungal OTUs from all samples by Venn diagram; (d) PCA analysis.

Fig.3 Relative abundance of fungal trophic modes (a) and functional groups (guilds) (b).

Fig.4 Fungal community evolution during swine manure composting: (a) Phylum level composition; (b) Relative abundance of top 30 classified fungal genera; ‘Others’ including all rest genuses.

Fig.5 Variation of degradation capacities of fungi communities on 96 substrates in Biolog FF microplate during composting; (a) Change of average well-color development (AWCD) of substrates during composting; (b) Change of AWCD of six categories of substrates during 240-h incubation; (c) Principal component analysis on the metabolism characteristics of fungi communities at the four composting periods.

Fig.6 Redundancy analysis for relationship between fungal organism (top 20 genera) and environmental factors; Significant parameters (Contribution Value >50%) are shown by red solid lines while the rest parameters are indicated using dotted lines. Carbohydrates, Carboxylic acids, Amino acids, Amines/Amides; Polymers; Miscellaneous.

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