|
|
|
Bioreduction of nitrate in groundwater using
a pilot-scale hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor |
| Youneng TANG1,Michal ZIV-EL1,Chen ZHOU1,Jung Hun SHIN1,Chang Hoon AHN1,Bruce E. RITTMANN1,Kerry MEYER2,Daniel CANDELARIA2,David FRIESE3,Ryan OVERSTREET3,Rick SCOTT4, |
| 1.Center for Environmental
Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe,
AZ 85287, USA; 2.CH2M Hill, Englewood,
CO 80112, USA; 3.Applied Process Technology,
Inc., Pleasant Hill, CA 94523, USA; 4.City of Glendale, Glendale,
AZ 85303, USA; |
|
|
|
|
Abstract A long-term pilot-scale H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was tested for removal of nitrate from actual groundwater. A key feature of this second-generation pilot MBfR is that it employed lower cost polyester hollow fibers and still achieved high loading rate. The steady-state maximum nitrate surface loading at which the effluent nitrate and nitrite concentrations were below the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) was at least 5.9 g·N·(m2·d)−1, which corresponds to a maximum volumetric loading of at least 7.7 kg·N·(m3·d) −1. The steady-state maximum nitrate surface area loading was higher than the highest nitrate surface loading reported in the first-generation MBfRs using composite fibers (2.6 g·N·(m2·d)−1). This work also evaluated the H2-utilization efficiency in MBfR. The measured H2 supply rate was only slightly higher than the stoichiometric H2-utilization rate. Thus, H2 utilization was controlled by diffusion and was close to 100% efficiency, as long as biofilm accumulated on the polyester-fiber surface and the fibers had no leaks.
|
| Keywords
denitrification
groundwater treatment
hydrogen
membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR)
polyester fiber
|
|
Issue Date: 05 September 2010
|
|
|
Gros H, Schnoor G, Rutten P. Biological denitrificationprocess with hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria for drinking water treatment. Water Supply, 1998, 6: 193―198
|
|
Lee K C, Rittmann B E. Applying a novel autohydrogenotrophic hollow-fiber membrane biofilmreactor for denitrification of drinking water. Water Research, 2002, 36(8): 2040―2052
doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00425-0
|
|
Rittmann B E. The membrane biofilm reactor: the natural partnershipof membranes and biofilm. Water Scienceand Technology, 2006, 53(3): 219―225
doi: 10.2166/wst.2006.096
|
|
Chung J, Rittmann B E, Wright W F, Bowman R H. Simultaneous bio-reduction of nitrate, perchlorate, selenate,chromate, arsenate, and dibromochloropropane using a hydrogen-basedmembrane biofilm reactor. Biodegradation, 2007, 18(2): 199―209
doi: 10.1007/s10532-006-9055-9
|
|
Nerenberg R, Rittmann B E, Najm I. Perchlorate reduction ina hydrogen-based membrane-biofilm reactor. Journal of American Water Works Association, 2002, 94(11): 103―114
|
|
Shin J H, Sang B I, Chung Y C, Choung Y K. A novel CSTR-type of hollow fiber membrane biofilm reactor for consecutivenitrification and denitrification. Desalination, 2008, 221(1―3): 526―533
doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2007.01.113
|
|
Nerenberg R, Rittmann B E. Hydrogen-based, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor for reductionof perchlorate and other oxidized contaminants. Water Science and Technology, 2004, 49(11―12): 223―230
|
|
Rittmann B E, Nerenberg R, Lee K C, Najm I, Gillogly T E, Lehman G E, Adam S S. The hydrogen-based hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor(HFMBfR) for reducing oxidized contaminants. Water Science & Technology: Water Supply, 2004, 4(1): 127―133
|
|
Adham S, Gillogly T, Lehman G, Rittmann B E, Nerenberg R. MembraneBiofilm Reactor Process for Nitrate and Perchlorate Removal. AwwaRF, Denver,Colorado, USA, 2004
|
|
Lee K C, Rittmann B E. Effects of pH and precipitation on autohydrogenotrophic denitrificationusing the hollow-fiber membrane-biofilm reactor. Water Research, 2003, 37(7): 1551―1556
doi: 10.1016/S0043-1354(02)00519-5
|
|
Standard Methods for the Examinationof Water and Wastewater. 20th ed. Washington DC: American Public Health Association/American Water Works Association/WaterEnvironment Federation, 1988
|
|
Method 300.1 Determinationof inorganic anions in drinking water by ion chromatography. Washington DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1993
|
|
Rittmann B E, McCarty P L. Environmental Biotechnology: Principles and Applications. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, 2001
|
|
Snoeyink V L, Jenkins D. WaterChemistry. New York: Wiley, Inc, 1980
|
|
Ziv-El M, Rittmann B E. Systematic evaluation of nitrate and perchlorate bioreduction kineticsin groundwater using a hydrogen-based membrane biofilm reactor. Water Research, 2009, 43(1): 173―181
doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.09.035
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
