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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

ISSN 2095-2201

ISSN 2095-221X(Online)

CN 10-1013/X

Postal Subscription Code 80-973

2018 Impact Factor: 3.883

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2017, Vol. 11 Issue (1) : 10    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-0900-3
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Isolation and application of predatory Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms for municipal waste sludge biolysis and dewaterability enhancement
Ran Yu(),Shiwen Zhang,Zhoukai Chen,Chuanyang Li
Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control (Ministry of Education), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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Abstract

Indigenous predatory BALO strains were successfully isolated from activated sludge.

Sludge SRF and CST were significantly reduced by BALOs induced biolysis process.

The increase of BALO input dosage promoted the sludge biolysis efficiency.

Sludge biolysis disintegrated flocs and lysed cells for internal water release.

The optimal sludge biolysis time was 24 h and no pH adjustment was needed.

Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs) are a group of ubiquitous and obligate predatory bacteria and commonly used as biocontrol agents. In this study, an efficient, environmental-friendly, and convenient BALOs encouraged municipal waste sludge biolysis pretreatment technique was developed and investigated for dewaterability enhancement of excess waste sludge. The indigenous predatory BALOs were successfully isolated from the sludge for biolysis treatment. Without any chemical addition or pH adjustment, the sludge specific resistance (SRF) and capillary suction time (CST) were significantly reduced by as high as 53.4% and 23.8%, respectively within 24 h’s treatment, which would further be lowered with the increase of BALOs input dosage. However, the continuous extension of reaction time would worsen the sludge dewaterability. The decreases of SRF and CST accompanied with the increases of sludge disintegration degree and soluble chemical oxygen demand, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations all emphasized the contributions of BALOs’ predation activities to sludge disturbance, cell lysis, and consequently the release of sludge intracellular water to finally effectively improve the sludge dewaterability and disposal efficiency.

Keywords Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs)      Biolysis      Activated sludge      Dewaterability      Predation     
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Corresponding Author(s): Ran Yu   
Issue Date: 09 January 2017
 Cite this article:   
Ran Yu,Shiwen Zhang,Zhoukai Chen, et al. Isolation and application of predatory Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms for municipal waste sludge biolysis and dewaterability enhancement[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 10.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-0900-3
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2017/V11/I1/10
sample No. reduction rate/% sample No. reduction rate/% sample No. reduction rate/%
D1 71.7±0.7 D11 64.1±1.2 D21 80.6±3.0
D2 80.9±0.2 D12 70.4±0.63 D22 67.8±1.6
D3 75.4±1.0 D13 63.4±1.0 D23 45.9±0.4
D4 68.9±1.3 D14 71.6±2.5 D24 49.6±0.8
D5 47.7±0.4 D15 65.2±2.2 D25 46.5±0.7
D6 66.1±1.2 D16 48.5±0.7 D26 70.0±1.9
D7 40.9±0.5 D17 39.3±0.6 D27 48.8±0.8
D8 90.9+ 3.0 D18 82.9±3.7 D28 76.9±1.9
D9 73.4±0.8 D19 39.9±0.4 D29 86.2±0.5
D10 44.5±0.3 D20 69.1±1.7 D30 68.8±1.6
Tab.1  The reduction of OD600 during BALOs’ liquid enrichments co-incubated with (1.0±0.1) × 109 CFU•mL-1 prey culture
Fig.1  D8 BALO strain enrichments with different prey species
group strain number SRF reduction rate/%
12 h 24 h 36 h 48 h
1 control-1 15.8±2.8 16.6±5.7 6.8±2.8 -9.8±4.2
D1 13.5±2.8 8.6±2.8 4.3±1.4 -5.3±1.4
D2 33.5±1.4 39.2±3.1 29.5±2.8 -1.9±3.4
D3 24.7±7.1 41.6±4.2 30.0±5.7 14.8±5.6
D4 23.6±5.7 41.7±2.8 23.4±1.4 5.6±2.8
D6 35.8±2.8 38.5±7.1 34.7±4.2 21.4±1.4
2 control-2 -1.5±4.7 -1.8±5.4 5.8±5.7 -12.6±2.8
D8 -14.6±5.1 4.6±4.2 6.8±4.2 -18.6±3.1
D9 4.8±2.4 6.3±2.8 17.6±1.4 -1.1±4.7
D11 -35.3±6.1 -47.4±4.2 2.5±2.6 -22.7±3.4
D12 7.7±5.7 13.6±3.7 18.1±3.3 1.5±5.7
D13 6.9±7.1 18.1±5.7 17.8±4.4 2.6±2.1
3 control-3 19.2±4.2 15.2±2.8 1.3±2.5 -3.0±1.2
D14 6.1±8.5 30.7±5.7 33.1±2.8 30.3±2.8
D15 23.0±4.2 47.2±1.7 39.4±3.8 25.5±4.1
D18 27.7±5.1 43.9±2.5 38.1±2.6 21.1±5.7
D20 23.8±5.7 40.7±3.7 38.2±7.1 -3.9±3.9
D21 28.7±2.8 35.6±1.8 38.3±1.4 28.4±3.7
4 control-4 4.5±3.7 2.4±1.4 -7.0±5.7 -15.0±7.1
D22 23.0±3.4 16.7±5.7 9.8±6.4 3.7±5.7
D26 5.8±7.1 4.2±7.1 11.1±2.8 -0.5±4.2
D28 6.2±5.3 20.0±4.6 0.4±4.2 -4.3±3.4
D29 30.8±2.8 9.2±6.2 5.7±4.2 -0.1±5.0
D30 -0.1±4.2 -3.0±4.2 -7.8±3.6 -18.4±2.8
Tab.2  The variations of SRF during the BALO-sludge interaction processes
Fig.2  The predation performances of the five BALO strains during their co-incubations with Klebsiella-1 ((1.2±0.1) × 109 CFU•mL-1), respectively (a) and the SRF variation profiles of the sludge lysed by the five BALO cultures of the similar concentrations (6.2±0.1) × 106 PFU·mL-1) in the sludges, respectively (b)
Fig.3  The impacts of sludge pH on SRF during the sludge biolysis with D15 culture ((4.8±0.3) × 106 PFU·mL-1)
Fig.4  The effects of BALO input dosage on sludge dewatering performance improvement in terms of SRF (a) and CST (b) (Note: the legends indicate the magnitudes of the initial D15 concentrations in the sludge samples which were (3.6±0.6) × 106 PFU·mL-1 ((1.4±0.2) × 108 PFU·g MLSS-1), (6.4±0.6) × 107 PFU·mL-1 ((2.6±0.2) × 109 PFU·g MLSS-1), and (4.6±0.6) × 108 PFU·mL-1 ((1.8±0.2) × 1010 PFU·g MLSS-1), respectively)
Fig.5  The variations of MLSS concentration and MLVSS/MLSS ratio (a), DDSCOD and SCOD concentrations (b), and SP, SN, and NH3-N concentrations (c), and the relationship between DDSCOD and SRF or CST (d) during the sludge biolysis in the presence of (4.2±0.3) × 107 PFU•mL-1 D15 culture
Fig.6  ESEM images of the control sludge sample (a) and the one (b) treated with D15 for 24 h with 1,000 fold of magnification. The images in the oval white frame was the further enlargement of the area pointed by the arrow with 3,000 fold of magnification
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