Online control of biofilm and reducing carbon dosage in denitrifying biofilter: pilot and full-scale application

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0895-9

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2017, Vol. 11

Issue (1) : 4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-0895-9

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Online control of biofilm and reducing carbon dosage in denitrifying biofilter: pilot and full-scale application

Xiuhong Liu¹,Hongchen Wang¹(

),Qing Yang²,Jianmin Li²,Yuankai Zhang¹,Yongzhen Peng²

¹. School of Environment & Natural Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
². Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

Download: PDF(368 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

Online control of DNBF was studied in the pilot-scale and full-scale experiments.

DNBF was controlled by the online monitored effluent nitrate and turbidity.

The effluent nitrate lower than 3 mg·L⁻¹ and saving 18% of carbon were both achieved.

Denitrifying biofilter (DNBF) is widely used for advanced nitrogen removal in the reclaimed wastewater treatment plants (RWWTPs). Manual control of DNBF easily led to unstable process performance and high cost. Consequently, there is a need to automatic control of two decisive operational processes, carbon dosage and backwash, in DNBF. In this study, online control of DNBF was investigated in the pilot-scale DNBF (600 m³·d⁻¹), and then applied in the full-scale DNBF (10 × 104 m3·d⁻¹). A novel simple online control strategy for carbon dosage with the effluent nitrate as the sole control parameter was designed and tested in the pilot-scale DNBF. Backwash operation was optimized based on the backwash control strategy using turbidity as control parameter. Using the integrated control strategy, in the pilot-scale DNBF, highly efficient nitrate removal with effluent TN level lower than 3 mg·L⁻¹ was achieved and DNBF was not clogged any more. The online control strategy for carbon dosage was successfully applied in a RWWTP. Using the online control strategy, the effluent nitrate concentration was controlled relatively stable and carbon dosage was saved for 18%.

Keywords Reclaimed water treatment Denitrifying biofilter Carbon dosage Backwash control

PACS:

Fund:

Corresponding Author(s): Hongchen Wang

Issue Date: 14 December 2016

Cite this article:

Xiuhong Liu,Hongchen Wang,Qing Yang, et al. Online control of biofilm and reducing carbon dosage in denitrifying biofilter: pilot and full-scale application[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 4.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-0895-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2017/V11/I1/4

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of DNBF treatment system in the reclaimed wastewater treatment plant

Fig.2 Concentration of NO₃^--N and COD in the influent and effluent without carbon dosage control in DNBF

Fig.3 Control strategy of carbon dosage of DNBF

Fig.4 Control strategy of Backwash for DNBF

Tab.1 The optimal backwash operation at different filtration velocity

Fig.5 Variation of COD and NO_x during online real-time control of different NO_x in the effluent in DNBF

Fig.6 The influent and effluent TN, and methanol dosage in the full-scale DNBF using online control

1	Yi L, Jiao W, Chen X, Chen W. An overview of reclaimed water reuse in China. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2011, 23(10): 1585–1593 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(10)60627-4 pmid: 22432251
2	Torrice M. Challenges to water reuse. Chemical & Engineering News Archive, 2011, 89(17): 38–40 https://doi.org/10.1021/cen-v089n017.p038
3	Kringel R, Rechenburg A, Kuitcha D, Fouépé A, Bellenberg S, Kengne I M, Fomo M A. Mass balance of nitrogen and potassium in urban groundwater in Central Africa, Yaounde/Cameroon. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 547: 382–395 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.090 pmid: 26789374
4	Nakagawa K, Amano H, Asakura H, Berndtsson R. Spatial trends of nitrate pollution and groundwater chemistry in Shimabara, Nagasaki, Japan. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016, 75(2343)
5	Xue D, Pang F, Meng F, Wang Z, Wu W. Decision-tree-model identification of nitrate pollution activities in groundwater: a combination of a dual isotope approach and chemical ions. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2015, 180: 25–33 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2015.07.003 pmid: 26231989
6	EEC. Implementation of Council Directive 91/676/EEC concerning the protection of waters against pollution caused by nitrates from agricultural sources—Synthesis from year 2000 member States Report, 2002
7	WHO. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality. World Health Organization: Geneva, 2003
8	BEPB. Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants (DB11/890–2012). In Beijing, 2012
9	Farabegoli G, Chiavola A, Rolle E. The Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) as alternative treatment for domestic sewage: optimization of plant performance. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2009, 171(1-3): 1126–1132 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.06.128 pmid: 19631453
10	Xinwei L I H S K L. Combined process of biofiltration and ozone oxidation as an advanced treatment process for wastewater reuse. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2015, 9(6): 1076–1083 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-015-0770-5
11	Peng Y Z, Ma Y, Wang S Y. Denitrification potential enhancement by addition of external carbon sources in a pre-denitrification process. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2007, 19(3): 284–289 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(07)60046-1 pmid: 17918588
12	Koch G, Siegrist H. Denitrification with methanol in tertiary filtration at wastewater treatment plant Zürich-Werdhoölzli. Water Research, 1997, 31(12): 3029–3038 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00174-7
13	Amburgey J E. Optimization of the extended terminal subfluidization wash (ETSW) filter backwashing procedure. Water Research, 2005, 39(2-3): 314–330 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.09.020 pmid: 15644240
14	Slavik I, Jehmlich A, Uhl W. Impact of backwashing procedures on deep bed filtration productivity in drinking water treatment. Water Research, 2013, 47(16): 6348–6357 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.009 pmid: 24008223
15	Ge S, Peng Y, Wang S, Lu C, Cao X, Zhu Y. Nitrite accumulation under constant temperature in anoxic denitrification process: the effects of carbon sources and COD/NO3-N. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 114: 137–143 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.016 pmid: 22503195
16	Murphy R B, Young B R, Kecman V. Optimising operation of a biological wastewater treatment application. ISA Transactions, 2009, 48(1): 93–97 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isatra.2008.07.006 pmid: 18762295
17	Han H, Qian H, Qiao J. Nonlinear multiobjective model-predictive control scheme for wastewater treatment process. Journal of Process Control, 2014, 24(3): 47–59 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2013.12.010
18	Chen Y, Xiao F, Liu Y, Wang D, Yang M, Bai H, Zhang J. Occurance and control of manganese in a large scale water treatment plant. Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering, 2015, 9(1): 66–72 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-014-0637-1
19	Miao L, Wang K, Wang S, Zhu R, Li B, Peng Y, Weng D. Advanced nitrogen removal from landfill leachate using real-time controlled three-stage sequence batch reactor (SBR) system. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 159: 258–265 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.02.058 pmid: 24657756
20	Yang Q, Peng Y, Liu X, Zeng W, Mino T, Satoh H. Nitrogen removal via nitrite from municipal wastewater at low temperatures using real-time control to optimize nitrifying communities. Environmental Science & Technology, 2007, 41(23): 8159–8164 https://doi.org/10.1021/es070850f pmid: 18186353
21	Liu X, Wang H, Long F, Qi L, Fan H. Optimizing and real-time control of biofilm formation, growth and renewal in denitrifying biofilter. Bioresource Technology, 2016, 209: 326–332 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.095 pmid: 26994461
22	APHA. Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association: Washington, DC, 1998.
23	Sun H, Peng Y, Wang S, Ma J. Achieving nitritation at low temperatures using free ammonia inhibition on Nitrobacter and real-time control in an SBR treating landfill leachate. Journal of Environmental Sciences (China), 2015, 30: 157–163 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2014.09.029 pmid: 25872722
24	Claros J, Serralta J, Seco A, Ferrer J, Aguado D. Real-time control strategy for nitrogen removal via nitrite in a SHARON reactor using pH and ORP sensors. Process Biochemistry, 2012, 47(10): 1510–1515 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2012.05.020
25	Amburgey J E, Amirtharajah A. Strategic filter backwashing techniques and resulting particle passage. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2005, 131(4): 535–547 https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2005)131:4(535)
26	Morgenroth E, Wilderer P A. Influence of detachment mechanisms on competition in biofilms. Water Research, 2000, 34(2): 417–426 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00157-8
27	Corona F, Mulas M, Haimi H, Sundell L, Heinonen M, Vahala R. Monitoring nitrate concentrations in the denitrifying post-filtration unit of a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Journal of Process Control, 2013, 23(2): 158–170 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2012.09.011
28	Won S G, Ra C S. Biological nitrogen removal with a real-time control strategy using moving slope changes of pH(mV)- and ORP-time profiles. Water Research, 2011, 45(1): 171–178 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.08.030 pmid: 20822790
29	Ortega-Gómez E, Moreno Úbeda J C, Alvarez Hervás J D, Casas López J L, Santos-Juanes Jordá L, Sánchez Pérez J A. Automatic dosage of hydrogen peroxide in solar photo-Fenton plants: development of a control strategy for efficiency enhancement. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2012, 237-238: 223–230 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.08.031 pmid: 22954603

[1]

FSE-16062-OF-LXH_suppl_1

Download

[1]	Ying Xu, Ning-Yi Zhou. Microbial remediation of aromatics-contaminated soil[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(2): 1-.
[2]	Xiaorong Meng, Shanshan Huo, Lei Wang, Xudong Wang, Yongtao Lv, Weiting Tang, Rui Miao, Danxi Huang. Effect of electrokinetic property of charged polyether sulfone membrane on bovine serum albumin fouling behavior[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(2): 2-.
[3]	Weiman Li, Haidi Liu, Yunfa Chen. Promotion of transition metal oxides on the NH₃-SCR performance of ZrO₂-CeO₂ catalyst[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(2): 6-.
[4]	Mingkai Zhang, He Jing, Yanchen Liu, Hanchang Shi. Estimation and optimization operation in dealing with inflow and infiltration of a hybrid sewerage system in limited infrastructure facility data[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(2): 7-.
[5]	Jiuxiao Hao, Xiujin Wang, Hui Wang. Investigation of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) biosynthesis from mixed culture enriched by valerate-dominant hydrolysate[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 5-.
[6]	Si-Yu Zhang, Paul N. Williams, Jinming Luo, Yong-Guan Zhu. Microbial mediated arsenic biotransformation in wetlands[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 1-.
[7]	Ran Yu, Shiwen Zhang, Zhoukai Chen, Chuanyang Li. *Isolation and application of predatory Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms for municipal waste sludge biolysis and dewaterability enhancement*[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 10-.
[8]	Yang Li, Lei Shi, Yi Qian, Jie Tang. Diffusion of municipal wastewater treatment technologies in China: a collaboration network perspective[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 11-.
[9]	Rui Lu, Wei Chen, Wen-Wei Li, Guo-Ping Sheng, Lian-Jun Wang, Han-Qing Yu. Probing the redox process of p-benzoquinone in dimethyl sulphoxide by using fluorescence spectroelectrochemistry[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 14-.
[10]	Chunhao Dai, Pufeng Qin, Zhangwei Wang, Jian Chen, Xianshan Zhang, Si Luo. *Mercury enrichment in Brassica napus* in response to elevated atmospheric mercury concentrations**[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 2-.
[11]	Shejiang Liu, Hongyang Yang, Yongkui Yang, Yupeng Guo, Yun Qi. Novel coprecipitation–oxidation method for recovering iron from steel waste pickling liquor[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 9-.
[12]	Yun Zhou, Siqing Xia, Binh T. Nguyen, Min Long, Jiao Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang. Interactions between metal ions and the biopolymer in activated sludge: quantification and effects of system pH value[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 7-.
[13]	Sheng Huang, Xin Zhao, Yanqiu Sun, Jianli Ma, Xiaofeng Gao, Tian Xie, Dongsheng Xu, Yi Yu, Youcai Zhao. Pollution of hazardous substances in industrial construction and demolition wastes and their multi-path risk within an abandoned pesticide manufacturing plant[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(1): 12-.
[14]	Mengchuan Shui, Feng Ji, Rui Tang, Shoujun Yuan, Xinmin Zhan, Wei Wang, Zhenhu Hu. Impact of roxarsone on the UASB reactor performance and its degradation[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(6): 4-.
[15]	Linxia Yan, Senlin Tian, Jian Zhou, Xin Yuan. Catalytic hydrolysis of gaseous HCN over Cu–Ni/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst: parameters and conditions[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2016, 10(6): 5-.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed