Feasibility of bubble surface modification for natural organic matter removal from river water using dissolved air flotation

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-0954-2

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2017, Vol. 11

Issue (6) : 10 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-0954-2

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Feasibility of bubble surface modification for natural organic matter removal from river water using dissolved air flotation

Yulong Shi, Jiaxuan Yang, Jun Ma(

), Congwei Luo

State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China

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Abstract

Surface modified bubbles were produced in DAF pump saturation system.

Hydrophobic NOM was preferentially removed by chitosan modified bubbles.

Removal of hydrophilic NOM was improved with an increase in chitosan charge density.

Chitosan modified bubbles performed efficiently in THMFP and HAAFP control.

A novel, functionalized bubble surface can be obtained in dissolved air flotation (DAF) by dosing chemicals in the saturator. In this study, different cationic chemicals were used as bubble surface modifiers, and their effects on natural organic matter (NOM) removal from river water were investigated. NOM in the samples was fractionated based on molecular weight and hydrophobicity. The disinfection byproduct formation potentials of each fraction and their removal efficiencies were also evaluated. The results showed that chitosan was the most promising bubble modifier compared with a surfactant and a synthetic polymer. Tiny bubbles in the DAF pump system facilitated the adsorption of chitosan onto microbubble surfaces. The hydrophobic NOM fraction was preferentially removed by chitosan-modified bubbles. Decreasing the recycle water pH from 7.0 to 5.5 improved the removal of hydrophilic NOM with low molecular weight. Likewise, hydrophilic organic compounds gave high dihaloacetic acid yields in raw water. An enhanced reduction of haloacetic acid precursors was obtained with recycle water at pH values of 5.5 and 4.0. The experimental results indicate that NOM fractions may interact with bubbles through different mechanisms. Positive bubble modification provides an alternative approach for DAF to enhance NOM removal.

Keywords Bubble surface modification Chitosan Disinfection by-product Dissolved air flotation Organic fraction

Corresponding Author(s): Jun Ma

Issue Date: 26 May 2017

Cite this article:

Yulong Shi,Jiaxuan Yang,Jun Ma, et al. Feasibility of bubble surface modification for natural organic matter removal from river water using dissolved air flotation[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(6): 10.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-0954-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2017/V11/I6/10

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of DAF pump system: 1. recycle water tank; 2. vacuometer; 3. air rotameter; 4. multiphase pump; 5. air-liquid separation vessel; 6. manometer; 7. flotation column; and 8. sampling point

Tab.1 Basic water quality parameters of Huaihe River water

Fig.2 Flotation efficiency of UV₂₅₄ with three cationic chemicals used as bubble surface modifiers (solid line) or coagulants (dotted line) (raw water quality: UV₂₅₄ 0.116 cm⁻¹, DOC 5.10 mg?L⁻¹, 21.3℃; recycle water pH: 7±0.1)

Fig.3 Effect of CTAB dosage (mg?L⁻¹) in recycle water on bubble size distribution (recycle rate 10%, saturation pressure 500 kPa, recycle water pH 7±0.1)

Fig.4 DOC and UV₂₅₄ removal rate (a) and zeta potential of floated water (b) with chitosan used as coagulant (solid line) or bubble modifier (dashed line) with recycle water at pH 7.0, 5.5 and 4.0 (raw water quality: UV₂₅₄ 0.105 cm⁻¹, DOC 4.92 mg?L⁻¹, 21.7℃)

Fig.5 The anchor role of tiny bubbles (TBs) during chitosan adsorption onto microbubbles (MBs) surface

Fig.6 Effect of pH on cationic charge density of chitosan

Fig.7 Polarity (a) and molecular weight (b) distribution of DOM in chitosan positive modification DAF (posiDAF) with recycle water at pH 7.0, 5.5 and 4.0 (chitosan dosage: 0.6 mg?L⁻¹)

Fig.8 Removal of THM4 (a) and HAA5 (b) formation potentials in chitosan positive modification DAF (posiDAF) with recycle water at pH 7.0, 5.5 and 4.0 (chitosan dosage: 0.6 mg?L⁻¹)

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