Can floor-area-ratio incentive promote low impact development in a highly urbanized area? —A case study in Changzhou City, China

doi:10.1007/s11783-017-1002-y

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

2018, Vol. 12

Issue (2) : 8 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-1002-y

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Can floor-area-ratio incentive promote low impact development in a highly urbanized area? —A case study in Changzhou City, China

Ming Cheng, Huapeng Qin(

), Kangmao He, Hongliang Xu

Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China

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Abstract

Promoting low impact development through floor-area-ratio incentive

Transacting between surface runoff reduction and awarding FAR

Comparing different objectives of the government and developers in the trade-off

As an environmental friendly measure for surface runoff reduction, low impact development (LID) has been applied successfully in urban areas. However, due to high price of land and additional expense for LID construction in highly urbanized areas, the developers of real estate would not like to proceed LID exploitation. Floor area ratio (FAR) refers to “the ratio of a building’s total floor area to the size of the piece of land upon which it is built.” Increasing FAR indicates that the developers can construct higher buildings and earn more money. By means of awarding FAR, the developers may be willing to practice LID construction. In this study, a new residential district is selected as a case study to analyze the trade-off between the runoff reduction goal achieving by LID practices and the incentive of awarding FAR to promote LID construction. The System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis IntegratioN (SUSTAIN) model is applied to simulate the runoff reduction under various LID designs and then derive the Pareto-optimal solutions to achieve urban runoff reduction goals based on cost efficiency. The results indicates that the maximum surface runoff reduction is 20.5%. Under the extremity scenarios, the government has options to award FAR of 0.028, 0.038 and 0.047 and the net benefits developers gain are 0 CNY, one million CNY and two million CNY, respectively. The results provide a LID construction guideline related to awarding FAR, which supports incentive policy making for promoting LID practices in the highly urbanized areas.

Keywords Low impact development Runoff reduction Incentive Floor area ratio SUSTAIN(System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis IntegratioN)

Corresponding Author(s): Huapeng Qin

Issue Date: 29 September 2017

Cite this article:

Ming Cheng,Huapeng Qin,Kangmao He, et al. Can floor-area-ratio incentive promote low impact development in a highly urbanized area? —A case study in Changzhou City, China[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2018, 12(2): 8.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-017-1002-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2018/V12/I2/8

Fig.1 (a) Overall aerial view, (b) The graph of underlying surface, (c) Drainage system of the study area

Fig.2 Data for calibration and validation (a) Rain event of August 9th, 2015 for calibration, (b) Rain event from August 24th, 2015 to August 25th, 2015 for validation

Tab.1 The structure of LID facilities

Fig.3 The connection schematic of aggregate LID used in the study area

Tab.2 LID facilities possibly used in the study area

Fig.4 The Pareto-optimal solutions of runoff reduction based on cost efficiency of LID construction

Fig.5 The trade-off between runoff reduction and awarding FAR

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