Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice

doi:10.1007/s11684-013-0264-4

Front Med

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (2) : 201-206 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-013-0264-4

REVIEW

Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice

Zhiming Zhu¹(

), Peijian Wang¹, Shuangtao Ma²

1. Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Chongqing 400042, China; 2. Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of PLA Chengdu Military Area Command, Chengdu 610083, China

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Abstract

Hypertension is a serious public health problem worldwide. More than 60% of the risk factors for hypertension are associated with metabolic disturbances. Metabolic abnormalities increase the risk for hypertension and cause high blood pressure. Improving metabolic disturbances is beneficial for hypertension treatment. Due to the importance of metabolic abnormalities in the pathogenesis of hypertension, we propose a concept of metabolic hypertension. In this review, we discuss and review the clinical types, pathogenesis, risk evaluation and management of metabolic hypertension. Elucidation of the mechanism of metabolic hypertension should facilitate the design of novel pharmacotherapeutics and dedicated antihypertensive manipulations.

Keywords hypertension cardiometabolic risk factors metabolic abnormalities

Corresponding Author(s): Zhu Zhiming,Email:zhuzm@yahoo.com

Issue Date: 05 June 2013

Cite this article:

Zhiming Zhu,Peijian Wang,Shuangtao Ma. Metabolic hypertension: concept and practice[J]. Front Med, 2013, 7(2): 201-206.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-013-0264-4
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2013/V7/I2/201

Fig.1 Potential mechanisms of metabolic hypertension. The gastrointestinal tract is a main pathway of absorption of cardiometabolic risk factors, such as a salt-, fat- and carbohydrate-rich diet. An unbalanced diet can alter gut barrier functions and promote metabolic endotoxaemia, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation. These disturbances contribute to the dysfunction of the cardiometabolic system, to organ damage and to high blood pressure.

Tab.1 Differences between metabolic hypertension and primary (genetic) hypertension

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