Preventive effect of Shenkang injection against high glucose-induced senescence of renal tubular cells

doi:10.1007/s11684-017-0586-8

Front. Med.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (2) : 267-276 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-017-0586-8

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Preventive effect of Shenkang injection against high glucose-induced senescence of renal tubular cells

Biqiong Fu, Jie Yang, Jia Chen, Lirong Lin, Kehong Chen, Weiwei Zhang, Jianguo Zhang, Yani He(

)

Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China

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Abstract

Shenkang injection (SKI) is a classic prescription composed of Radix Astragali, rhubarb, Astragalus, Safflower, and Salvia. This treatment was approved by the State Food and Drug Administration of China in 1999 for treatment of chronic kidney diseases based on good efficacy and safety. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of SKI against high glucose (HG)-induced renal tubular cell senescence and its underlying mechanism. Primary renal proximal tubule epithelial cells were cultured in (1) control medium (control group), medium containing 5 mmol/L glucose; (2) mannitol medium (mannitol group), medium containing 5 mmol/L glucose, and 25 mmol/L mannitol; (3) HG medium (HG group) containing 30 mmol/L glucose; (4) SKI treatment at high (200 mg/L), medium (100 mg/L), or low (50 mg/L) concentration in HG medium (HG+ SKI group); or (5) 200 mg/L SKI treatment in control medium (control+ SKI group) for 72 h. HG-induced senescent cells showed the emergence of senescence associated heterochromatin foci, up-regulation of P16^INK4 and cyclin D1, increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and elevated expression of membrane decoy receptor 2. SKI treatment potently prevented these changes in a dose-independent manner. SKI treatment prevented HG-induced up-regulation of pro-senescence molecule mammalian target of rapamycin and p66Shc and down-regulation of anti-senescence molecules klotho, sirt1, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g in renal tubular epithelial cells. SKI may be a novel strategy for protecting against HG-induced renal tubular cell senescence in treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Keywords Shenkang injection senescence renal tubular epithelial cells diabetic nephropathy

Corresponding Author(s): Yani He

Just Accepted Date: 25 January 2018 Online First Date: 26 April 2018 Issue Date: 28 March 2019

Cite this article:

Biqiong Fu,Jie Yang,Jia Chen, et al. Preventive effect of Shenkang injection against high glucose-induced senescence of renal tubular cells[J]. Front. Med., 2019, 13(2): 267-276.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-017-0586-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2019/V13/I2/267

Fig.1 HPLC of SKI used in the study. The main compounds of SKI include gallic acid, salvianic acid, protocatechualdehyde, propanoid acid, hydroxysafflor yellow A, emodin-O-glucoside, and salvianolic acid.

Tab.1 Batch number and quality control data of SKI

Tab.2 Primer sequences used for RT-PCR analysis

Fig.2 Dose-dependent effect of SKI on expression of senescence markers in primary proximal tubular cells cultured under different conditions. (A) Cell morphology was examined under inverted microscopy after culturing for 72 h (magnification, 200×); (B) emergence of SAHF (magnification, 1200× ); (C, D) SA-β-Gal staining and percentage of SA-β-Gal-positive cells (magnification, 100×); (E, F) expression of P16^INK4 in cell nuclei and quantitative analysis of P16^INK4-positive cells (magnification, 400×); (G, H) expression of cyclin D1 in cell nuclei and quantitative analysis of cyclin D1-positive cells (magnification, 400×); and (I) emergence of DcR2 in cytoplasm (magnification, 1200×). Values are mean±SD of independent experiments with triplicate dishes. *P<0.05 vs. control; **P<0.01 vs. control; ***P<0.001 vs. control; ^#P<0.05 vs. HG group; ^##P<0.01 vs. HG group; ^###P<0.001 vs. HG group; ^◊P<0.05 vs. HG+ SKI (50 mg/L); ^◊◊P<0.01 vs. HG+ SKI (50 mg/L).

Fig.3 Dose-dependent effect of SKI on SOD and MDA in renal tubular epithelial cells.

Fig.4 Expression of mTOR and P66shc in renal tubular epithelial cells cultured under different conditions.

Fig.5 Expression of klotho, sirt1, and PPAR-g in renal tubular epithelial cells cultured under different conditions.

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