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Frontiers of Medicine

ISSN 2095-0217

ISSN 2095-0225(Online)

CN 11-5983/R

Postal Subscription Code 80-967

2018 Impact Factor: 1.847

Front. Med.    2018, Vol. 12 Issue (6) : 601-607    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-018-0648-6
REVIEW
Interplay between diet and genetic susceptibility in obesity and related traits
Tiange Wang, Min Xu, Yufang Bi, Guang Ning()
State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Health, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Abstract

The incidence of obesity has been rapidly increasing, and this condition has become a major public health threat. A substantial shift in environmental factors and lifestyle, such as unhealthy diet, is among the major driving forces of the global obesity pandemic. Longitudinal studies and randomized intervention trials have shown that genetic susceptibility to obesity may interact with dietary factors in relation to the body mass index and risk of obesity. This review summarized data from recent longitudinal studies and intervention studies on variations and diets and discussed the challenges and future prospects related to this area and public health implications.

Keywords diet      genetic susceptibility      obesity      interaction     
Corresponding Author(s): Guang Ning   
Just Accepted Date: 06 September 2018   Online First Date: 07 November 2018    Issue Date: 03 December 2018
 Cite this article:   
Tiange Wang,Min Xu,Yufang Bi, et al. Interplay between diet and genetic susceptibility in obesity and related traits[J]. Front. Med., 2018, 12(6): 601-607.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-018-0648-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2018/V12/I6/601
Studies Dietary factors Genetic factors Major findings
Qi et al. 2012 [10] Sugar-sweetened beverages A genetic risk score based on 32 BMI-associated loci High consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages may amplify the genetic association with higher BMI and obesity risk
Brunkwall et al. 2016 [11] Sugar-sweetened beverages A genetic risk score based on 30 BMI-associated loci The relation of sugar-sweetened beverages intake and BMI is strong in people genetically predisposed to obesity
Wang et al. 2017 [12] Coffee A genetic risk score based on 77 BMI-associated loci High habitual coffee consumption may attenuate the genetic association with high BMI and obesity risk
Corella et al. 2009 [13] Saturated fat APOA2-265T>C polymorphism Individuals with the APOA2 CC genotype show increased susceptibility to increased BMI and obesity when they consume a high-saturated fat diet
Qi et al. 2014 [14] Fried food A genetic risk score based on 32 BMI-associated loci Higher frequency of fried food consumption may amplify the genetic association with high BMI and obesity risk
Nettleton et al. 2015 [15] A diet score based on whole grains, fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts/seeds (favorable) and red/processed meats, sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, and fried potatoes (unfavorable) A genetic risk score based on 18 WHR-associated loci The associations between genetic predisposition and obesity traits were strong with a healthy diet
Wang et al. 2018 [16] Two diet score: Alternate Healthy Eating Index 2010 and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension A genetic risk score based on 77 BMI-associated loci The association between a healthy diet and weight loss was strong in participants with a great genetic predisposition to obesity
Tab.1  Dietary factors that may interact with genetic susceptibility to obesity on adiposity in observational studies
Studies Study design Genetic factors Major findings
Qi et al. 2011 [19] N = 738; 2-y diet intervention Diabetes-associated IRS1 rs2943641 IRS1 genetic variants modify effects of dietary carbohydrate on weight loss and insulin resistance
Erez et al. 2011 [20] N = 322; 2-y diet intervention Obesity-related LEP variants LEP genotype is related to weight regain from 7–24 m
Mattei et al. 2012 [21] N = 591; 2-y diet intervention Diabetes-associated TCF7L2 variant rs7903146 Dietary fat intake interacts with TCF7L2 genotype in relation to changes in BMI, total fat mass, and trunk fat mass
Zhang et al. 2012 [22] N = 742; 2-y diet intervention Obesity-related FTO variant rs1558902 High-protein diet interacts with FTO genotype in relation to weight loss and improvement of body composition and fat distribution
Heni et al. 2012 [23] N = 304; 9-m diet intervention Diabetes-associated TCF7L2 variant rs7903146 CC genotype is associated with great weight loss in participants with high fiber intake but not those with low fiber intake
Zhang et al. 2012 [24] N = 734; 2-y diet intervention Lipid metabolism-related APOA5 variant rs964184 Dietary fat interacts with APOA5 genotype in relation to 2-y changes in lipid profile
Zhang et al. 2012 [25] N = 723; 2-y diet intervention Hypertension-associated NPY variant rs16147 NPY genotype modifies effects of dietary fat on 2-y changes of blood pressure
Larsen et al. 2012 [26] N = 742; 6-m diet intervention on weight loss maintenance 768 tag SNPs for nutrient-sensitive genes Multiple interactions with GI or dietary protein on waist and fat mass regain
Qi et al. 2012 [27] N = 737; 2-y diet intervention Diabetes-related GIPR variant rs2287019 Dietary carbohydrate modified GIPR genotype effects on changes in bodyweight, fasting glucose, and insulin resistance
Xu, et al. 2013 [28] N = 734; 2-y diet intervention BCAA-associated PPM1K SNP rs1440581 Dietary fat significantly modifies genetic effects on changes in weight and fasting insulin
Brahe et al. 2013 [29] N = 841 (baseline); 6-m diet intervention on weight loss maintenance 240 tag SNPs for candidate genes LPIN1 SNP rs4315495 genotype interacts with dietary protein on change of TG concentration
McCaffery et al. 2013 [30] N = 3899; 4-y lifestyle intervention in diabetic patients Obesity-related variants Variations in the FTO and BDNF loci are related to weight regain after weight loss
Pan et al. 2013 [31] N = 3819; 2-y intervention; lifestyle modification and metformin Obesity-related MC4R variants rs17066866 is associated with less short-term (baseline to 6 m) and less long-term (baseline to 2 y) weight loss in the lifestyle intervention group but not in placebo group
Kostis et al. 2013 [32] N = 722; 4-m intervention; diet and medication 21 SNPs related to hypertension, diabetes, or obesity Multiple genotypes are related to change in blood pressures in response to diet intervention
Qi et al. 2013 [33] POUNDS Lost: N = 738; 2-y diet intervention Diabetes-associated IRS1 rs2943641 and rs1522813 High-fat weight-loss diets may be more effective in the management of the metabolic syndrome compared with low-fat diets among individuals with the A-allele of the rs1522813 variant near IRS1
Mirzaei et al. 2014 [34] N = 721; 2-y diet intervention Circadian-related genes CRY2 and MTNR1B Variants in CRY2 and MTNR1B may affect long-term changes in energy expenditure, and dietary fat intake may modify the genetic effects
Huang et al. 2015 [35] N = 730; 2-y diet intervention Iron homeostasis-related PCSK7 variant PCSK7 genotypes may interact with dietary carbohydrate intake on changes in insulin sensitivity
Qi et al. 2015 [36] POUNDS Lost: N = 732; 2-y diet intervention; DIRECT: N = 171; 2-y diet intervention Cholesterol-related CETP variant Individuals with the CETP rs3764261 CC genotype may derive great effects on raising HDL cholesterol and lowering triglycerides by choosing a low-carbohydrate/high-fat weight-loss diet instead of a low-fat diet
Zheng et al. 2015 [37] N = 743; 2-y diet intervention Obesity-associated FTO variant Carriers of the risk alleles of rs1558902 benefit differently in improving insulin sensitivity by consuming high-fat weight-loss diets rather than low-fat diets
Lin et al. 2015 [38] N = 723; 2-y diet intervention Obesity-associated NPY variant NPY rs16147 genotypes affect the change in abdominal adiposity in response to dietary interventions
Qi et al. 2015 [39] N = 721; 2-y diet intervention Three vitamin D metabolism-related variants Individuals carrying the T allele of DHCR7 rs12785878 may benefit more in improvement of insulin resistance than non-carriers by consuming high-protein weight-loss diets
Tab.2  Selected gene–diet interactions on obesity and related metabolic traits in randomized trials
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