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Screening responsive or resistant biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors based on online databases |
Zhen Xiang, Yingyan Yu() |
Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Gastric Neoplasms, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China |
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Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors are a promising strategy in the treatment of cancer, especially advanced types. However, not all patients are responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The response rate depends on the immune microenvironment, tumor mutational burden (TMB), expression level of immune checkpoint proteins, and molecular subtypes of cancers. Along with the Cancer Genome Project, various open access databases, including The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, provide large volumes of data, which allow researchers to explore responsive or resistant biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitors. In this review, we introduced some methodologies on database selection, biomarker screening, current progress of immune checkpoint blockade in solid tumor treatment, possible mechanisms of drug resistance, strategies of overcoming resistance, and indications for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
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Keywords
immune checkpoint blockade
sensitivity
resistance
data mining
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Corresponding Author(s):
Yingyan Yu
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Just Accepted Date: 28 December 2018
Online First Date: 18 January 2019
Issue Date: 12 March 2019
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