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Frontiers of Medicine

ISSN 2095-0217

ISSN 2095-0225(Online)

CN 11-5983/R

Postal Subscription Code 80-967

2018 Impact Factor: 1.847

Front Med    2011, Vol. 5 Issue (4) : 401-413    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-011-0161-7
REVIEW
Bone regeneration by stem cell and tissue engineering in oral and maxillofacial region
Zhiyuan Zhang1,2()
1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; 2. Oral Bioengineering/Regenerative Medicine Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, the Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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Abstract

Clinical imperatives for the reconstruction of jaw bone defects or resorbed alveolar ridge require new therapies or procedures instead of autologous/allogeneic bone grafts. Regenerative medicine, based on stem cell science and tissue engineering technology, is considered as an ideal alternative strategy for bone regeneration. In this paper, we review the current choices of cell source and strategies on directing the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. The preclinical animal models for bone regeneration and the key translational points to clinical success in oral and maxillofacial region are also discussed. We propose comprehensive strategies based on stem cell and tissue engineering researches, allowing for clinical application in oral and maxillofacial region.

Keywords bone regeneration      animal models      translational strategies      oral and maxillofacial region     
Corresponding Author(s): Zhang Zhiyuan,Email:zhzhy@omschina.org.cn   
Issue Date: 05 December 2011
 Cite this article:   
Zhiyuan Zhang. Bone regeneration by stem cell and tissue engineering in oral and maxillofacial region[J]. Front Med, 2011, 5(4): 401-413.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/10.1007/s11684-011-0161-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fmd/EN/Y2011/V5/I4/401
Fig.1  Ca, Mg, and Si containing akermanite ceramic could promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs as compared with β-TCP. SEM (A, B) and EDS (C, D) analysis of these two ceramics (A, C: β-TCP; B, D: akermanite, scale bar= 10 μm). (E) MTT assay of hPDLSCs seeded on β-TCP and akermanite. (F) The ALP activity of hPDLSCs seeded on β-TCP and akermanite. Asterisk indicates significant differences <0.05.(Partial figures reprinted, with permission, from Reference 71.)
Fig.2  Schematic drawing of canine models for bone regeneration in oral and maxillofacial region: (A) Border defect model; (B) Vertical ridge augmentation model; (C) Segmental defect model; (D) Maxillary sinus augmentation model.
Fig.3  Tissue-engineered bone for canine maxillary sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement: (A) 3D reconstruction for new bone volume in maxillary sinus (Scale bar= 1 mm); (B) Histological analysis of newly formed bone (Scale bar= 100 μm); (C) Histological analysis of dental implant osseointegration (Scale bar= 50 μm); (D) Sequential ?uorescent labeling analysis of bone mineralization and deposition for maxillary sinus augmentation with simultaneous dental implantation (Scale bar= 50 μm).
Fig.4  Micro-CT analysis of angiogenesis and osteogenesis in rat critical-sized calvarial defect models: (A, C) LacZ group; (B, D) HIF-1α-overexpressing group, red area indicating the blood vessels.
Fig.5  SEM photographs of microscale topography (A1) and nanoscale topography (B1) modified titanium surface (Scale bar= 1 mm). BMSCs spread on the microscale (A2) and nanoscale topography (B2) after 4 d culture (Scale bar= 50 μm). ALP staining showed osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs seeded on microscale topography (A3) and nanoscale topography (B3) modified titanium surface for 14 d (Scale bar= 500 μm).
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