Progress in synthesis and application of zwitterionic Gemini surfactants

doi:10.1007/s11706-019-0473-0

Front. Mater. Sci.

2019, Vol. 13

Issue (3) : 242-257 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11706-019-0473-0

REVIEW ARTICLE

Progress in synthesis and application of zwitterionic Gemini surfactants

Yuqiao CHENG¹(

), Yang YANG¹, Chunrong NIU², Zhe FENG¹, Wenhui ZHAO¹, Shuang LU¹

¹. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
². Library, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China

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Abstract

Zwitterionic Gemini surfactants have the Gemini molecular structure in which there are both multiple lipophilic groups and multiple hydrophilic groups. However, their hydrophilic groups have different charges. Due to the special molecular structure, this kind of surfactants possesses excellent properties, including high surface activities, isoelectric point (IP), low critical micelle concentration (CMC), less toxicity, low irritating, biodegradability, bioactive, interface modification, and so on. In this review, synthetic strategies of three kinds of zwitterionic Gemini surfactants, i.e., anionic– cationic, cationic–nonionic and anionic–nonionic Gemini surfactants, are discussed, and their potential applications in life sciences, chemical industry and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) are illustrated. Their future development is also prospected.

Keywords zwitterionic Gemini surfactant high performance synthesis; application chemical industry

Corresponding Author(s): Yuqiao CHENG

Online First Date: 11 September 2019 Issue Date: 29 September 2019

Cite this article:

Yuqiao CHENG,Yang YANG,Chunrong NIU, et al. Progress in synthesis and application of zwitterionic Gemini surfactants[J]. Front. Mater. Sci., 2019, 13(3): 242-257.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/10.1007/s11706-019-0473-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/foms/EN/Y2019/V13/I3/242

Fig.1 Structures of Compounds 1?3.

Fig.2 Scheme 1 The synthesis of Compound 1.

Fig.3 Scheme 2 The synthesis of Compound 2.

Fig.4 Scheme 3 The synthesis of Compound 3.

Fig.5 Structures of Compounds 4?7.

Fig.6 Scheme 4 The synthesis of Compound 4.

Fig.7 Scheme 5 The synthesis of Compound 5.

Fig.8 Scheme 6 The synthesis of Compound 6.

Fig.9 Scheme 7 The synthesis of Compound 7.

Fig.10 Scheme 8 The synthesis of Compound 8.

Fig.11 Structures of Compounds 9?12.

Fig.12 Scheme 9 The synthesis of Compound 9.

Fig.13 Scheme 10 The synthesis of Compound 11.

Fig.14 Scheme 11 The synthesis of Compound 12.

Fig.15 Structures of Compounds 13?15.

Fig.16 Scheme 12 The synthesis of Compound 13.

Fig.17 Scheme 13 The synthesis of Compound 14.

Fig.18 Scheme 14 The synthesis of Compound 15.

Fig.19 Structures of Compounds16–19.

Fig.20 Scheme 15 The synthesis of Compound 17.

Fig.21 Scheme 16 The synthesis of Compound 18.

Fig.22 Scheme 17 The synthesis of Compound 19.

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