Junjie Qi1,2, Haiwen Liu3, Hua Jiang4,5, X. C. Xie1,2()
1. International Center for Quantum Materials and School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2. Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China 3. Center for Advanced Quantum Studies, Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 4. School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China 5. Institute for Advanced Study, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
Topological insulators, a class of typical topological materials in both two dimensions and three dimensions,are insulating in bulk and metallic at surface. The spin-momentum locked surface states and peculiar transport properties exhibit promising potential applications on quantum devices, which generate extensive interest in the last decade. Dephasing is the process of the loss of phase coherence, which inevitably exists in a realistic sample. In this review, we focus on recent progress in dephasing effects on the topological insulators. In general, there are two types of dephasing processes: normal dephasing and spin dephasing. In two-dimensional topological insulators, the phenomenologically numerical investigation shows that the longitudinal resistance plateaus is robust against normal dephasing but fragile with spin dephasing. Several microscopic mechanisms of spin dephasing are then discussed. In three-dimensional topological insulators, the helical surface states exhibit a helical spin texture due to the spin-momentum locking mechanism. Thus, normal dephasing has close connection to spin dephasing in this case, and gives rise to anomalous “gap-like” feature. Dephasing effects on properties of helical surface states are investigated.
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