Christoph Stampfer1,2(), Stefan Fringes1, Johannes Güttinger2, Francoise Molitor2, Christian Volk1, Bernat Terrés1, Jan Dauber1, Stephan Engels1, Stefan Schnez2, Arnhild Jacobsen2, Susanne Droscher2, Thomas Ihn2, Klaus Ensslin2
1. JARA-FIT and II. Institute of Physics B, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, and Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; 2. Solid State Physics Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
Graphene nanostructures are promising candidates for future nanoelectronics and solid-state quantum information technology. In this review we provide an overview of a number of electron transport experiments on etched graphene nanostructures. We briefly revisit the electronic properties and the transport characteristics of bulk, i.e., two-dimensional graphene. The fabrication techniques for making graphene nanostructures such as nanoribbons, single electron transistors and quantum dots, mainly based on a dry etching “paper-cutting” technique are discussed in detail. The limitations of the current fabrication technology are discussed when we outline the quantum transport properties of the nanostructured devices. In particular we focus here on transport through graphene nanoribbons and constrictions, single electron transistors as well as on graphene quantum dots including double quantum dots. These quasi-one-dimensional (nanoribbons) and quasi-zero-dimensional (quantum dots) graphene nanostructures show a clear route of how to overcome the gapless nature of graphene allowing the confinement of individual carriers and their control by lateral graphene gates and charge detectors. In particular, we emphasize that graphene quantum dots and double quantum dots are very promising systems for spin-based solid state quantum computation, since they are believed to have exceptionally long spin coherence times due to weak spin–orbit coupling and weak hyperfine interaction in graphene.
. Transport in graphene nanostructures[J]. Frontiers of Physics, 2011, 6(3): 271-293.
Christoph Stampfer, Stefan Fringes, Johannes Güttinger, Francoise Molitor, Christian Volk, Bernat Terrés, Jan Dauber, Stephan Engels, Stefan Schnez, Arnhild Jacobsen, Susanne Droscher, Thomas Ihn, Klaus Ensslin. Transport in graphene nanostructures. Front. Phys. , 2011, 6(3): 271-293.
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