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Optimal configuration for vibration frequencies in a ring of harmonic oscillators: The nonidentical mass effect
Shuai Liu, Guo-Yong Zhang, Zhiwei He, Meng Zhan
Frontiers of Physics. 2015, 10 (3 ): 100503-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0462-4
The parameter diversity effect in coupled nonidentical elements has attracted persistent interest in nonlinear dynamics. Of fundamental importance is the so-called optimal configuration problem for how the spatial position of elements with different parameters precisely determines the dynamics of the whole system. In this work, we study the optimal configuration problem for the vibration spectra in the classical mass–spring model with a ring configuration, paying particular attention to how the configuration of different masses affects the second smallest vibration frequency (ω 2 ) and the largest one (ω N ). For the extreme values of ω 2 and ω N , namely, (ω 2 )min, (ω 2 )max, (ω N )min, and (ω N )max, we find some explicit organization rules for the optimal configurations and some approximation rules when the explicit organization rules are not available. The different distributions of ω 2 and ω N are compared. These findings are interesting and valuable for uncovering the underlying mechanism of the parameter diversity effect in more general cases.
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Experimental system of coupled map lattices
Yu-Han Ma, Lan-Qing Huang, Chu-Min Sun, Xiao-Wen Li
Frontiers of Physics. 2015, 10 (3 ): 100504-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0466-0
We design an optical feedback loop system consisting of a liquid-crystal spatial light modulator (SLM), a lens, polarizers, a CCD camera, and a computer. The system images every SLM pixel onto one camera pixel. The light intensity on the camera pixel shows a nonlinear relationship with the phase shift applied by the SLM. Every pixel behaves as a nonlinear map, and we can control the interaction of pixels. Therefore, this feedback loop system can be regarded as a spatially extended system. This experimental coupled map has variable dimensions, which can be up to 512 by 512. The system can be used to study high-dimensional problems that computer simulations cannot handle.
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Shuttle-run synchronization in mobile ad hoc networks
Sheng-Fei Ma, Hong-Jie Bi, Yong Zou, Zong-Hua Liu, Shu-Guang Guan
Frontiers of Physics. 2015, 10 (3 ): 100505-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0475-z
In this work, we study the collective dynamics of phase oscillators in a mobile ad hoc network whose topology changes dynamically. As the network size or the communication radius of individual oscillators increases, the topology of the ad hoc network first undergoes percolation, forming a giant cluster, and then gradually achieves global connectivity. It is shown that oscillator mobility generally enhances the coherence in such networks. Interestingly, we find a new type of phase synchronization/clustering, in which the phases of the oscillators are distributed in a certain narrow range, while the instantaneous frequencies change signs frequently, leading to shuttle-run-like motion of the oscillators in phase space. We conduct a theoretical analysis to explain the mechanism of this synchronization and obtain the critical transition point.
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“Could charm (& τ ) transitions be the ‘poor princess’ providing a deeper understanding of fundamental dynamics ?” or: “Finding novel forces”
Ikaros I. Bigi
Frontiers of Physics. 2015, 10 (3 ): 101203-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0476-y
We know that our Universe is composed of only ~4.5% “known” matter; therefore, our understanding is incomplete. This can be seen directly in the case of neutrino oscillations (without even considering potential other universes). Charm quarks have had considerable impact on our understanding of known matter, and quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the only local quantum field theory to describe strong forces. It is possible to learn novel lessons concerning strong dynamics by measuring rates around the thresholds of [Q ˉ Q ] states with Q = b , c . Furthermore, these states provide us with gateways towards new dynamics (ND), where we must transition from “accuracy” to “precision” eras. Finally, we can make connections with τ transitions and, perhaps, with dark matter. Charm dynamics acts as a bridge between the worlds of light- and heavy-flavor hadrons (namely, beauty hadrons), and finding regional asymmetries in many-body final states may prove to be a “game changer”. There are several different approaches to achieving these goals: for example, experiments such as the Super Tau-Charm Factory, Super Beauty Factory, and the Super Z 0 Factory act as gatekeepers – and deeper thinking regarding symmetries.
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Optomechanically induced amplification and perfect transparency in double-cavity optomechanics
Xiao-Bo Yan, W. Z. Jia, Yong Li, Jin-Hui Wu, Xian-Li Li, Hai-Wei Mu
Frontiers of Physics. 2015, 10 (3 ): 104202-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0456-2
We study optomechanically induced amplification and perfect transparency in a double-cavity optomechanical system. We find that if two control lasers with appropriate amplitudes and detunings are applied to drive the system, optomechanically induced amplification of a probe laser can occur. In addition, perfect optomechanically induced transparency, which is robust to mechanical dissipation, can be realized by the same type of driving. These results indicate important progress toward signal amplification, light storage, fast light, and slow light in quantum information processes.
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Recent advances in MXene: Preparation, properties, and applications
Lei Jin-Cheng(雷进程), Zhang Xu(张旭), Zhou Zhen(周震)
Frontiers of Physics. 2015, 10 (3 ): 107303-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-015-0493-x
Owing to the exceptional properties of graphene, intensive studies have been carried out on novel two-dimensional (2D) materials. In the past several years, an elegant exfoliation approach has been used to successfully create a new family of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, termed MXene, from layered MAX phases. More recently, some unique properties of MXene have been discovered leading to proposals of potential applications. In this review, we summarize the latest progress in development of MXene from both a theoretical and experimental view, with emphasis on the possible applications.
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