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Routing protocol for wireless quantum multi-hop mesh backbone network based on partially entangled GHZ state
Pei-Ying Xiong,Xu-Tao Yu,Zai-Chen Zhang,Hai-Tao Zhan,Jing-Yu Hua
Frontiers of Physics. 2017, 12 (4 ): 120302-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-016-0617-y
Quantum multi-hop teleportation is important in the field of quantum communication. In this study, we propose a quantum multi-hop communication model and a quantum routing protocol with multihop teleportation for wireless mesh backbone networks. Based on an analysis of quantum multi-hop protocols, a partially entangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state is selected as the quantum channel for the proposed protocol. Both quantum and classical wireless channels exist between two neighboring nodes along the route. With the proposed routing protocol, quantum information can be transmitted hop by hop from the source node to the destination node. Based on multi-hop teleportation based on the partially entangled GHZ state, a quantum route established with the minimum number of hops. The difference between our routing protocol and the classical one is that in the former, the processes used to find a quantum route and establish quantum channel entanglement occur simultaneously. The Bell state measurement results of each hop are piggybacked to quantum route finding information. This method reduces the total number of packets and the magnitude of air interface delay. The deduction of the establishment of a quantum channel between source and destination is also presented here. The final success probability of quantum multi-hop teleportation in wireless mesh backbone networks was simulated and analyzed. Our research shows that quantum multi-hop teleportation in wireless mesh backbone networks through a partially entangled GHZ state is feasible.
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Spin filtering in transition-metal phthalocyanine molecules from first principles
Li Niu,Huan Wang,Lina Bai,Ximing Rong,Xiaojie Liu,Hua Li,Haitao Yin
Frontiers of Physics. 2017, 12 (4 ): 127207-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-017-0671-0
Using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory and the nonequilibrium Green’s function formalism, we studied the spin transport through metal-phthalocyanine (MPc, M=Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr) molecules connected to aurum nanowire electrodes. We found that the MnPc, FePc, and CrPc molecular devices exhibit a perfect spin filtering effect compared to CoPc and NiPc. Moreover, negative differential resistance appears in FePc molecular devices. The transmission coefficients at different bias voltages were further presented to understand this phenomenon. These results would be useful in designing devices for future nanotechnology.
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Landau quantization of Dirac fermions in graphene and its multilayers
Long-Jing Yin (殷隆晶),Ke-Ke Bai (白珂珂),Wen-Xiao Wang (王文晓),Si-Yu Li (李思宇),Yu Zhang (张钰),Lin He (何林)
Frontiers of Physics. 2017, 12 (4 ): 127208-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-017-0655-0
When electrons are confined in a two-dimensional (2D) system, typical quantum–mechanical phenomena such as Landau quantization can be detected. Graphene systems, including the single atomic layer and few-layer stacked crystals, are ideal 2D materials for studying a variety of quantum–mechanical problems. In this article, we review the experimental progress in the unusual Landau quantized behaviors of Dirac fermions in monolayer and multilayer graphene by using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). Through STS measurement of the strong magnetic fields, distinct Landau-level spectra and rich level-splitting phenomena are observed in different graphene layers. These unique properties provide an effective method for identifying the number of layers, as well as the stacking orders, and investigating the fundamentally physical phenomena of graphene. Moreover, in the presence of a strain and charged defects, the Landau quantization of graphene can be significantly modified, leading to unusual spectroscopic and electronic properties.
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Weak localization of bismuth cluster-decorated graphene and its spin–orbit interaction
Jian-Lei Ge,Tian-Ru Wu,Ming Gao,Zhan-Bin Bai,Lu Cao,Xue-Feng Wang,Yu-Yuan Qin,Feng-Qi Song
Frontiers of Physics. 2017, 12 (4 ): 127210-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-017-0677-7
Weak-localization (WL) measurements were performed in a Bi cluster-decorated graphene sheet. The charge concentration was kept constant, and the amplitude of the conductance correction was suppressed after the Bi-cluster deposition. Detailed WL data were obtained while the gate and temperature were changed. Using E. McCann’s formula, the spin-relaxation time was extracted, which was found to increase with the elastic scattering time. This is attributed to the Elliott–Yafet spin relaxation and Kane–Mele type spin–orbit coupling (SOC). The SOC strength was enhanced to 2.64 meV as a result of the first deposition. The coverage effect is discussed according to the measurement after the second deposition.
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Phase diagram and transport properties of Sb-doped Ca0.88 La0.12 Fe2 As2 single crystals
Xiang-Zhuo Xing,Wei Zhou,Chun-Qiang Xu,Nan Zhou,Fei-Fei Yuan,Yu-Feng Zhang,Xiao-Feng Xu,Zhi-Xiang Shi
Frontiers of Physics. 2017, 12 (4 ): 127401-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-016-0621-2
The effects of isovalent Sb substitution on the superconducting properties of the Ca0.88 La0.12 Fe2 (As1−y Sby )2 system have been studied through electrical resistivity measurements. It is seen that the antiferromagnetic or structural transition is suppressed with Sb content, and a high-T c superconducting phase, accompanied by a low-T c phase, emerges at 0.02≤y ≤0.06. In this intermediate-doping regime, normal-state transport shows non-Fermi-liquid-like behaviors with nearly T -linear resistivity above the high-T c phase. With further Sb doping, this high-T c phase abruptly vanishes for y >0.06 and the conventional Fermi liquid is restored, while the low-T c phase remains robust against Sb impurities. The coincidence of the high-T c phase and non-Fermi liquid transport behaviors in the intermediate Sb-doping regime suggests that AFM fluctuations play an important role in the observed non-Fermi liquid behaviors, which may be intimately related to the unusual nonbulk high-T c phase in this system.
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Quantum dot behavior in transition metal dichalcogenides nanostructures
Gang Luo, Zhuo-Zhi Zhang, Hai-Ou Li, Xiang-Xiang Song, Guang-Wei Deng, Gang Cao, Ming Xiao, Guo-Ping Guo
Frontiers of Physics. 2017, 12 (4 ): 128502-.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-017-0652-3
Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) semiconductors have been utilized for investigating quantum phenomena because of their unique band structures and novel electronic properties. In a quantum dot (QD), electrons are confined in all lateral dimensions, offering the possibility for detailed investigation and controlled manipulation of individual quantum systems. Beyond the definition of graphene QDs by opening an energy gap in nanoconstrictions, with the presence of a bandgap, gate-defined QDs can be achieved on TMDCs semiconductors. In this paper, we review the confinement and transport of QDs in TMDCs nanostructures. The fabrication techniques for demonstrating two-dimensional (2D) materials nanostructures such as field-effect transistors and QDs, mainly based on e-beam lithography and transfer assembly techniques are discussed. Subsequently, we focus on electron transport through TMDCs nanostructures and QDs. With steady improvement in nanoscale materials characterization and using graphene as a springboard, 2D materials offer a platform that allows creation of heterostructure QDs integrated with a variety of crystals, each of which has entirely unique physical properties.
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