Photothermal materials for efficient solar powered steam generation
Fenghua Liu1, Yijian Lai1, Binyuan Zhao1(), Robert Bradley2,3, Weiping Wu4()
1. State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2. Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK 3. MatSurf Technology Ltd., Cumbria, CA10 1NW, UK 4. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, City, University of London, Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field of energy harvest and sustainable technologies. The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and convert it to heat with high efficiency. Moreover, the materials and structures for heat management as well as the mass transportation are also brought to the forefront. Several groups have reported their materials and structures as solutions for high performance devices, a few creatively coupled other physical fields with solar energy to achieve even better results. This paper provides a systematic review on the recent developments in photothermal nanomaterial discovery, material selection, structural design and mass/heat management, as well as their applications in seawater desalination and fresh water production from waste water with free solar energy. It also discusses current technical challenges and likely future developments. This article will help to stimulate novel ideas and new designs for the photothermal materials, towards efficient, low cost practical solar-driven clean water production.
1.58, 2.85, 5.90 and 7.55, with 0, 1, 2 and 3 m·s−1 wind
[64]
HNG
–
>95
94
3.2
[68]
MXene Ti3C2
PVDF Membrane
–
84
1.33
[74]
Ti2O3 Nanoparticles
Cellulose membrane
92.5
92.1±3.2
1.32
[76]
GO-based aerogels
–
92
86.5
1.622
[79]
Carbon beads
–
–
–
1.28
[84]
Photo-electro-thermal Graphene
–
–
–
2.01–2.61
[85]
CNT modified filter paper
Paper
–
75
1.15
[90]
Carbon sponge
–
>95
85
1.31
[104]
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