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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering

ISSN 2095-0179

ISSN 2095-0187(Online)

CN 11-5981/TQ

邮发代号 80-969

2019 Impact Factor: 3.552

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering  2021, Vol. 15 Issue (1): 72-89   https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-020-1977-y
  本期目录
Optimal design of extractive dividing-wall column using an efficient equation-oriented approach
Yingjie Ma1, Nan Zhang1, Jie Li1(), Cuiwen Cao2
1. Centre for Process Integration, Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Optimization for Chemical Processes (Ministry of Education), East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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Abstract

The extractive dividing-wall column (EDWC) is one of the most efficient technologies for separation of azeotropic or close boiling-point mixtures, but its design is fairly challenging. In this paper we extend the hybrid feasible path optimisation algorithm (Ma Y, McLaughlan M, Zhang N, Li J. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2020, 143: 107058) for such optimal design. The tolerances-relaxation integration method is refined to allow for long enough integration time that can ensure the solution of the pseudo-transient continuation simulation close to the steady state before the required tolerance is used. To ensure the gradient and Jacobian information available for optimisation, we allow a relaxed tolerance for the simulation in the sensitivity analysis mode when the simulation diverges under small tolerance. In addition, valid lower bounds on purity of the recycled entrainer and the vapour flow rate in column sections are imposed to improve computational efficiency. The computational results demonstrate that the extended hybrid algorithm can achieve better design of the EDWC compared to those in literature. The energy consumption can be reduced by more than 20% compared with existing literature report. In addition, the optimal design of the heat pump assisted EDWC is achieved using the improved hybrid algorithm for the first time.

Key wordsdesign    extractive dividing-wall column    equation-oriented optimisation    pseudo-transient continuation model    hybrid algorithm
收稿日期: 2020-03-03      出版日期: 2021-01-12
Corresponding Author(s): Jie Li   
 引用本文:   
. [J]. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2021, 15(1): 72-89.
Yingjie Ma, Nan Zhang, Jie Li, Cuiwen Cao. Optimal design of extractive dividing-wall column using an efficient equation-oriented approach. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2021, 15(1): 72-89.
 链接本文:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/CN/10.1007/s11705-020-1977-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/CN/Y2021/V15/I1/72
Fig.1  
Fig.2  
Fig.3  
Fig.4  
Fig.5  
Fig.6  
Decision variable Initial value Lower bound Upper bound
FE/(kmol?h–1) 0.01 0.0001 10
RRM/(kmol?kmol–1) 1.0 0.1 10
RRS/(kmol?kmol–1) 1.0 0.01 10
SF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.5 0.1 0.99
FB/(kmol?h–1) 100 10 500
N1 0 10
N2 0 20
N3 0 30
N4 0 15
N5 0 10
Tab.1  
εj 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0
Convergence Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Iteration step 239 302 409 509 380 262
Simulation time/s 1259 7722 2263 3698 1650 1714
TAC/(105 $?year–1) 6.081 6.116 6.106 6.124 6.137 6.097
Tab.2  
εj 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0
FE/(kmol?h–1) 0.0008 0.0003 0.0007 0.0016 0.0006 0.0009
RRM/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.70 0.74 0.74 0.51 0.81 0.68
RRS/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.12 0.11 0.11 0.12 0.11 0.11
SF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.30 0.31
FB/(kmol?h–1) 115.37 110.69 110.33 136.69 106.89 114.11
N1 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0
N2 10.0 10.0 10.0 11.0 9.1 11.0
N3 22.0 23.9 24.0 17.0 25.0 23.0
N4 5.9 11.0 7.8 5.4 8.5 8.4
N5 4.0 4.0 4.0 5.0 4.0 4.0
TAC/(105 $?year–1) 6.081 6.116 6.106 6.124 6.137 6.097
Tab.3  
Fig.7  
Item Conventional ED (Luyben [28]) Conventional ED (optimal) EDWC
Annualised capital cost/(105 $?year–1) 2.226 2.326 2.320
Energy cost/(105 $?year–1) 5.025 3.951 3.754
Entrainer cost/(105 $?year–1) 0.039 0.012 0.008
TAC/(105 $?year–1) 7.290 6.289 6.082
Tab.4  
Fig.8  
Fig.9  
Decision variable Initial value Lower bound Upper bound
FE/(kmol?h–1) 0.01 0.0001 10
RRM/(kmol?kmol–1) 1.0 0.1 100
VF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.5 0.1 0.5
SF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.5 0.1 0.99
FB/(kmol?h–1) 300 10 3000
N1 0 10
N2 0 60
N3 0 20
N4 0 20
N5 0 10
Tab.5  
εj 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0
Converged Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Iteration 760 908 591 577 398 601
Simulation time/s 2121 3742 2309 2204 1501 3327
TAC/(M$?year–1) 5.382 5.383 5.388 5.405 5.388 5.382
Tab.6  
εj 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0
FE/(kmol?h–1) 1.90 1.87 1.93 1.97 1.85 1.87
RRM/(kmol?kmol–1) 1.89 1.87 1.90 1.93 1.87 1.88
VF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.16
SF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.25 0.24 0.26 0.27 0.24 0.25
FB/(kmol?h–1) 112.95 110.65 115.89 119.67 109.16 111.07
N1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
N2 54.0 59.0 49.0 44.0 63.0 58.0
N3 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.2 12.0 12.0
N4 12.0 12.0 12.0 12.2 12.0 12,0
N5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
TAC/(M$?year–1) 5.382 5.383 5.388 5.405 5.388 5.382
Tab.7  
Fig.10  
Decision variable Initial Lower Upper
FE/(kmol?h–1) 0.01 0.0001 10
RRM/(kmol?kmol–1) 1.0 0.1 100
VF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.5 0.1 0.5
SF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.5 0.1 0.99
FB/(kmol?h–1) 300 10 3000
N1 0 10
N2 0 60
N3 0 20
N4 0 20
N5 0 10
P/(1.013 × 105 Pa) 3 1.001 10
A1/m2 100 0 1 × 106
A2/m2 10 0 1 × 106
Tab.8  
εj 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0
Converged Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
Iteration step 1519 2175 2234 332 2392 1235
Simulation time/s 6566 6146 7238 1146 7624 3916
TAC/(M$?year–1) 4.879 4.829 4.851 5.715 4.834 4.847
Tab.9  
εj 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0
FE/(kmol?h–1) 1.94 1.71 1.83 1.99 1.79 1.87
RRM/(kmol?kmol–1) 2.02 2.18 2.16 3.56 2.23 2.02
VF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15
SF/(kmol?kmol–1) 0.27 0.32 0.31 0.64 0.33 0.27
FB/(kmol?h–1) 118.65 113.50 120.35 294.78 120.87 114.61
N1 2.0 2.0 2.0 6.4 2.0 2.0
N2 46.0 56.0 45.0 25.6 45.0 52.0
N3 12.0 12.1 12.0 10.3 12.0 12.0
N4 12.0 12.1 12.0 9.9 12.0 12.0
N5 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.7 6.0 6.0
P/(1.013 × 105 Pa) 3.26 3.08 3.08 2.20 3.08 3.15
A1/m2 854.10 1003.50 986.63 3904.22 1018.83 914.72
A2/m2 37.04 35.48 37.68 5.04 37.84 35.75
TAC/(M$?year–1) 4.879 4.829 4.851 5.715 4.834 4.847
Tab.10  
Fig.11  
Cost Normal EDWC Heat pump-assisted EDWC
Capital cost/M$
?Column cost 1.707 1.746
?Heat exchanger cost 0.818 1.185
?Compressor cost 0 1.134
Operation cost/(M$?year–1)
?Utility cost 3.316 1.757
?Electricity cost 0 0.614
?Entrainer cost 1.225 1.102
Total cost
?Total capital cost/M$ 2.524 4.064
?Total operation cost/(M$?year–1) 4.541 3.473
?TAC/(M$?year–1) 5.382 4.828
Tab.11  
Item Luo et al. [23] Our design
MP/kW 0 3999
HP/kW 10043 6738
Electricity/kW 1808 1041
Equivalent energy
requirement/(kW?kg–1)
1.24 1.06
Tab.12  
Cost/M$ Luo et al. [23] Our design
Column 0.912 0.686
Condenser 0.071 0.069
Reboilers 0.356 0.479
Heat exchangers 1.503 0.797
Compressor 1.632 1.038
Total capital cost 4.477 3.069
Tab.13  
Fig.12  
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