Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with [Cl−] present: an experimental and theoretical study
Hong Liu1,2,3,4(), Yi-Min Zhang1,2,3,4(), Jing Huang1,2,3,4, Tao Liu1,2,3,4
1. School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 3. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 4. Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
Separation of vanadium from black shale leaching solution at low pH is very meaningful, which can effectively avoid the generation of alkali neutralization slag and the resulting vanadium loss. In this study, coordination mechanism of vanadium in acid leaching solution at low pH was investigated with the intervention of chloride ions. Under the conditions of pH 0.8, di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid concentration of 20%, phase ratio of 1:2, and extraction time of 8 min, the vanadium extraction could reach 80.00%. The Fourier transform infrared and electrospray ionization results reveal that, despite the fact that the chloride ion in the leachate could significantly promote vanadium extraction, the chloride ion does not enter the organic phase, indicating an intriguing phenomenon. Among Cl−–V, SO42−–V, and H2O–V, the V–Cl bond is longer and the potential difference between coordinate ions and vanadium is smaller. Therefore, VO2+ gets easily desorbed with chloride ions and enter the organic phase. At the same time, the hydrogen ions of di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid also enter the water phase more easily, which reduces the pH required for the extraction reaction.
Qingyong Zheng and Ya Gao contributed equally to this work.
引用本文:
. [J]. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2023, 17(1): 56-67.
Hong Liu, Yi-Min Zhang, Jing Huang, Tao Liu. Vanadium(IV) solvent extraction enhancement in high acidity using di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid with [Cl−] present: an experimental and theoretical study. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2023, 17(1): 56-67.
Displacement reactions of Cl–, SO42–, and H2O with vanadium complex
VO(H2O)2+ + Cl– = VOCl+ + H2O
–1280.27
(18)
VO(H2O)22+ + 2Cl– = VOCl2 + 2H2O
–1937.41
(19)
VO(H2O)32+ + 3Cl– = VOCl3– + 3H2O
–2069.85
(20)
VO(H2O)42+ + 4Cl– = VOCl42– + 4H2O
–1755.74
(21)
VOSO4 + 2Cl– = VOCl2 + SO42–
–780.90
(22)
VO(SO4)22– + 4Cl– = VOCl42– + 2SO42–
–578.02
(23)
SO42– + VO(H2O)22+ = VOSO4 + 2H2O
–1156.52
(24)
2SO42– + VO(H2O)42+ = VO(SO4)22– + 4H2O
–1177.72
(25)
Tab.2
Fig.7
Fig.8
Fig.9
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