Optimized the vanadium electrolyte with sulfate-phosphoric mixed acids to enhance the stable operation at high-temperature
Ling Ge1,2,3,4, Tao Liu1,2,3,4(), Yimin Zhang1,2,3,4,5, Hong Liu1,2,3,4
1. School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Mineral Metallurgical Resources Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 3. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 4. Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Cleaning Utilization for Shale Vanadium Resource, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China 5. School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Herein, the influence of the concentration design and comprehensive performance of the sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte is investigated to realize an electrolyte that maintains high energy density and stable operation at high temperatures. Static stability tests have shown that VOPO4 precipitation occurs only with vanadium(V) electrolyte. The concentration of vanadium ion of 2.0–2.2 mol·L–1, phosphoric acid of 0.10–0.15 mol·L–1, and sulfuric acid of 2.5–3.0 mol·L–1 are suitable for a vanadium redox flow battery in the temperature range from –20 to 50 °C. The equations for predicting the viscosity and conductivity of electrolytes are obtained by the response surface method. The optimized electrolyte overcomes precipitation generation. It has 2.8 times higher energy density than the non-phosphate electrolyte, and a coulomb efficiency of 94.0% at 50 °C. The sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system electrolyte promotes the electrode reaction process, increases the current density, and reduces the resistance. This work systematically optimizes the concentrations of composition of positive and negative vanadium electrolytes with mixed sulfate-phosphoric acid. It provides a basis for the different valence states and comprehensive properties of sulfate-phosphoric mixed acid system vanadium electrolytes under extreme environments, guiding engineering applications.
. [J]. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2024, 18(2): 14.
Ling Ge, Tao Liu, Yimin Zhang, Hong Liu. Optimized the vanadium electrolyte with sulfate-phosphoric mixed acids to enhance the stable operation at high-temperature. Front. Chem. Sci. Eng., 2024, 18(2): 14.
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