Preparation of hemicellulolic oligosaccharides from <italic>Chamaecyparis obtuse</italic> (Hinoki) slurry using commercial enzymes

doi:10.1007/s11705-012-1280-7

Front Chem Sci Eng

2012, Vol. 6

Issue (2) : 224-231 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-012-1280-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Preparation of hemicellulolic oligosaccharides from Chamaecyparis obtuse (Hinoki) slurry using commercial enzymes

Yuya KUMAGAI¹, Hirokazu USUKI^1,2, Yukihiro YAMAMOTO¹, Akihiro YAMASATO³, Takafumi MUKAIHARA¹, Tadashi HATANAKA¹(

)

1. Okayama Prefectural Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Research Institute for Biological Sciences (RIBS), Okayama 716-1241, Japan; 2. Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japan; 3. Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan

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Abstract

Wood biomass is anticipated to serve as a substitute for carbon source, which has no feedstock competition with foods. Biomass is commonly used for the production of bio-ethanol by a series of processes such as pretreatment, enzymatic degradation, and fermentation. Hemicellulose, constituting 20 wt-% – 40 wt-% of biomass materials, contains various kinds of saccharides known to be bioactive substrates. Practical usage of hemicellulose is generally limited to its conversion to bio-ethanol. Here, we aimed to prepare hemicellulolic oligosaccharides, more valuable products other than ethanol. Therefore, the Hinoki slurry was treated with lime at room temperature for 3 h, and then neutralized with HCl. The resulting sample was treated with 13 types of commercial enzymes, and the saccharides produced in the supernatant were evaluated. The result showed that the commercial enzyme Cellulase SS (Nagase & Co., LTD.) effectively degraded the slurry to produce disaccharides and trisaccharides. Analysis of sugar components by liquid chromatography/mass spectrography (LC/MS) after the derivation with ethyl 4-aminobenzoate (ABEE) showed that mannobiose, mannotriose, and cellobiose were the major oligosaccharides. These results indicate valuable oligosaccharides can be successfully produced from Hinoki softwood slurry.

Keywords hemicellulolic oligosaccharides Chamaecyparis obtuse (Hinoki) commercial enzyme manno-oligosaccharide cello-oligosaccharide

Corresponding Author(s): HATANAKA Tadashi,Email:hatanaka@bio-ribs.com

Issue Date: 05 June 2012

Cite this article:

Yuya KUMAGAI,Hirokazu USUKI,Yukihiro YAMAMOTO, et al. Preparation of hemicellulolic oligosaccharides from Chamaecyparis obtuse (Hinoki) slurry using commercial enzymes[J]. Front Chem Sci Eng, 2012, 6(2): 224-231.

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https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/10.1007/s11705-012-1280-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fcse/EN/Y2012/V6/I2/224

Tab.1 Sugar composition of Hinoki slurry

Tab.2 Evaluation of commercial enzymes

Fig.1 Evaluation of sugar productivity.
(a), (b), (c), and (d) showed the results under pretreatment with 0.5 mol?L NaOH, 0.05 mol?L NaOH, 0.25 mol?LCa(OH), and 0.025 mol?L Ca(OH), respectively. Sample numbers are indicated as follows: 1, control (HO); 2, Cellulase Nagase; 3, Supitase XP-404; 4, Cellulase XP-425; 5, Cellulase XL-531; 6, Cellulase SS; 7, Cellulosin HC100; 8, Cellulosin TP25; 9, Cellulosin GM5; 10, Sumizyme SNX; 11, Sumizyme X; 12, Sumizyme ACH; and 13, Optimase. The reaction was performed in 50 mg/mL slurry in addition to 0.5 mg/mL of each enzyme (liquid enzyme solution, above No. 5, 6, and 13, were 0.5% (v/v)) at 200 stroke or 200 rpm, 50°C, and pH 5.0 for 24 h except for optimase. In the case of optimase, pH was adjusted at 7.0. The main activities of these enzymes are listed in Table 2. The sugar (%) indicates total sugar in slurry (100% sugar corresponds to 40 g /57 g solid in slurry). The blank bar, white bar, and dark bar represent total sugar, reducing sugar, and glucose, respectively

Fig.2 Optimization of enzymatic degradation.
The slurry was degraded by a combination of a 0.025 mol?LCa(OH) pretreatment and Cellulase SS. (a), (b), and (c) showed the effects of incubation temperature, enzyme amount, and reaction time on the resultant sugar (%), respectively. The value of 100% of total sugar corresponds to 40 g/57 g solid

Fig.3 Analysis of hydrolysis products by gel filtration.
Hinoki oligosaccharides produced by a combination of 0.025 mol?L Ca(OH) pretreatment and Cellulase SS were separated by HiLoad 26/60 Superdex 30 prep-grade gel filtration chromatography. The samples were eluted at flow rate of 1 mL/min and collected at 8 mL/fraction. The sugar concentration was determined by a phenol-sulfate method using glucose as a standard

Fig.4 Analysis of hydrolysis products by LC/MS.
Analysis of hydrolysis products by LC/MS. The sugars separated by gel filtration were derivatized with ABEE and analyzed by LC/MS equipped with an AQUALITY UPLC BEH C18 column. The samples were eluted as follows: elution buffer, 10% acetonitrile containing 0.1% TFA; flow rate, 0.3 mL/min; and column temperature, 30°C. The eluted sugars were detected by UV absorption at 305 nm and the mass spectrum () ranged between 200 and 1000. The asterisk shows excess reagent ABEE. Symbols used are as follows: X1, xylose; G1, glucose or mannose; G2, cellobiose; M2 mannobiose; M3, mannotriose; H2, unknown hexobiose

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