The classification and assessment of vulnerability of man-land system of oasis city in arid area

doi:10.1007/s11707-013-0402-y

Front Earth Sci

2013, Vol. 7

Issue (4) : 406-416 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-013-0402-y

RESEARCH ARTICLE

The classification and assessment of vulnerability of man-land system of oasis city in arid area

Chao GAO^1,2,3, Jun LEI⁴(

), Fengjun JIN^1,2

1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China; 3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China

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Abstract

Oasis city system is the center of the man-land relationship in arid area and it is the most influential spatial and temporal multiple dynamic system. Oasis city system is not only the largest area where artificial disturbances occur at a regional scale but also the most concentrated area of human activity in arid area. In this study, we developed an applicable and convenient method to assess vulnerability of man-land system of oasis cities with vulnerability indicator system, respectively evaluating the sensitivity, adaptability and vulnerability of the eco-environment system, the economic system and the social system. The results showed that the sensitivity and vulnerability of oasis cities in Xinjiang, China have significant differences while their adaptability does little. In order to find the inherent differences in the vulnerability of oasis cities, triangle methodology has been adopted to divide Xinjiang oasis cities into five types. Some adaptive developing policies specific for individual cities are also proposed based on their vulnerability type and constraining factors.

Keywords vulnerability sensitivity man-land system oasis cities arid area

Corresponding Author(s): LEI Jun,Email:leijun@ms.xjb.ac.cn

Issue Date: 05 December 2013

Cite this article:

Jun LEI,Fengjun JIN,Chao GAO. The classification and assessment of vulnerability of man-land system of oasis city in arid area[J]. Front Earth Sci, 2013, 7(4): 406-416.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-013-0402-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2013/V7/I4/406

Fig.1 Location and range of study areas.

Sub object level	Criterion level	Index level	Data acquisition
Eco-environment system	Sensitivity	Per capita water consumption (ton), per capita energy consumption (tons of SCE), industrial wastewater emissions (10,000 ton), industrial SO₂ emissions (ton), industrial soot emissions (ton)	Data of environmental pollution and governance are observed and calculated from Xinjiang Environmental Statistical Yearly Report and monitoring data publicized on www.xjepb.gov.cnData of water resources, land resources and energy consumption are calculated from Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook and Xinjiang Survey Statistics Yearbook
Adaptability	Per capita green area (ha), green coverage rate (%), per capita water resource (cu.m), per capita area of cultivated land (ha), percentage of fiscal expenditure on environment protection (%), comprehensive utilization ratio of industrial solid waste (%), concentrated treatment rate of industrial wastewater (%), hazard-free treatment rate of household garbage (%), output of comprehensive utilization of three kinds of wastes (%)
Economic system	Sensitivity	Industrial dependency (%), percentage of industrial employing (%), rate of domestic enterprise in total industrial output (%), foreign trade dependency (%), power consumption of unit GDP (KWH), water consumption of unit GDP (ton/10,000 Yuan).	Data of economic, industrial structure, foreign trade, technological and investment are calculated from Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook and Xinjiang Survey Statistics Yearbook
Adaptability	Per capita GDP (10,000 CNY), local government self-sufficiency degree (%), social consumable total retail sales (100 million CNY), tertiary industry proportion (%), tertiary industry employment proportion (%), overall labor productivity (%),proportion of non-state enterprise(%), disbursement of foreign capital (USD 10,000), road and railway density (km/sq.km), passenger traffic amount (10,000 persons), cargo traffic amount (10,000 ton), density of fixed asset investment (10,000 Yuan/sq.km), patent granted (piece), R&D expenditure (10,000 Yuan)
Social system	Sensitivity	Proportion of agricultural population (%), urban-rural income gap, urban unemployment (person), total population on basic subsistence allowance (10,000 persons), total number of criminal offence (person), total loss of traffic accident (10,000 Yuan), Engel Coefficient	Data of demographics, health conditions, social security, social order, infrastructure, fairness and stability, education are calculated from Xinjiang Statistical Yearbook and Xinjiang Survey Statistics Yearbook
Adaptability	Proportion of expenditure for science and education (%), proportion of expenditure for social security and employment (%), coverage rate of social insurance programs (%), per capita housing area (sq. m), per capita urban road area (sq. m), public traffic vehicle amount per 10,000 person, per capita telecom service, number of doctors for per 10,000 person, number of capital bed space for per 10,000 person, internet penetration (%), mobile phone utilization rate (%), total collection of public library (1,000 copies)

Tab.1 Indicator system for evaluating the vulnerability of oasis cities in arid zone

Fig.2 Triangle methodology.

Fig.3 Vulnerability triangle classification.

Tab.2 The assessments results of sensitivity indicators and percentage of oasis cities (10, %)

Tab.3 The assessments results of adaptability indicators and percentage of oasis cities (10, %)

Tab.4 The assessments results of vulnerability of oasis cities in Xinjiang

Tab.5 The proportion of vulnerability index in oasis cities (%)

Fig.4 Vulnerability triangle classification for man-land system of oasis cities.

Tab.6 Vulnerability type of oasis cities in Xinjiang

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