Patterns of coccolithophore pigment change under global acidification conditions based on <i>in-situ</i>observations at BATS site between July 1990–Dec 2008

doi:10.1007/s11707-015-0503-x

Front. Earth Sci.

2017, Vol. 11

Issue (2) : 297-307 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-015-0503-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Patterns of coccolithophore pigment change under global acidification conditions based on in-situobservations at BATS site between July 1990–Dec 2008

Jianhai LV^1,⁴, Yaoqiu KUANG¹, Hui ZHAO^2,³(

), Andreas ANDERSSON²

¹. Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
². Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, Ferry Reach, St. Georges GE-01, Bermuda
³. Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
⁴. Marine and Fishery Environment Monitoring Center of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 510235, China

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Abstract

Coccolith production is an important part of the biogenic carbon cycle as the largest source of calcium carbonate on earth, accounting for about 75% of the deposition of carbon on the sea floor. Recent studies based on laboratory experiment results indicated that increasing anthropogenic CO₂ in the atmosphere triggered global ocean acidification leading to a decrease of calcite or aragonite saturation and calcium carbonate, and to decreasing efficiency of carbon export/pumping to deep layers. In the present study, we analyzed about 20?years of field observations of coccolithophore pigment, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), nutrients, and temperatures from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site and satellite remote sensing to investigate the variable tendency of the coccolithophore pigment, and to evaluate the influence of ocean acidification on coccolithophore biomass. The results indicated that there was a generally increasing tendency of coccolithophore pigment, coupled with increasing bicarbonate concentrations or decreasing carbonate ion concentration. The change of coccolithophore pigment was also closely associated with pH, nutrients, mixed layer depth (MLD), and temperature. Correlation analyses between coccolithophores and abiotic parameter imply that coccoliths production or coccolithophore pigment has increased with increasing acidification in the recent 20 y ears.

Keywords dissolved inorganic carbon BATS MLD coccolithophore pigments the Bermuda

Corresponding Author(s): Hui ZHAO

Just Accepted Date: 08 May 2015 Online First Date: 18 June 2015 Issue Date: 19 May 2017

Cite this article:

Jianhai LV,Yaoqiu KUANG,Hui ZHAO, et al. Patterns of coccolithophore pigment change under global acidification conditions based on in-situobservations at BATS site between July 1990–Dec 2008[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2017, 11(2): 297-307.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-015-0503-x
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2017/V11/I2/297

Fig.1 (a) Location of the study area in the North Atlantic Ocean. (b) Bathymetric and geographic map of Bermuda Atlantic Time Series Study (BATS). CAN, Canada; NAO, North Atlantic Ocean; USA, United States of America; SA: South America.

Fig.2 (a) Time series of coccolithophore and (b) its discrete Fourier power spectrum based on one sample period of 1/12?year.

Fig.3 Time series and power spectrum of abiotic factors (a) dissolved inorganic carbon (μmol·kg^–1); (b) mixed layer depth (m); (c) temperature (°C); (d) salinity; (e) nitrate and nitrite (μmol·kg^–1); (f) phosphate (μmol·kg^–1). Left: time series; right: power spectrum based on detrended data.

Fig.4 Monthly climatologies of biophysical factors. (a) Coccolithophore pigments (CP) (ng·kg^–1); (b) depth of CP peak (m); (c) bicarbonate (μmol·kg^–1); (d) pH; (e) DIC (μmol·kg^–1); (f) calcite saturation Ω; (g) sea surface temperature (at 10?m) (°C); (h) MLD (m); (i) nitrate and nitrite (µmol·kg^–1) averaged for the upper 60?m; (j) phosphate (µmol·kg^–1) averaged for the upper 60?m.

Fig.5 Depth-time plot from 1990–2008. (a) Coccolithophore pigments (CP); (b) the total N of

N O 3 −

and

N O 2 −

(µmol·kg^–1); (c) Temperature (°C).

Fig.6 Scatter diagrams between coccolithophore pigment and abiotic factors. Data used here are detrended.

Fig.7 Climatology of surface photosynthesis available radiance (PAR) (Einstein·m^–2·d^–1).

Fig.8 (a) Satellite-derived particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) and (b) 19'-Hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin (Hex-fuco).

Fig.9 (a) Scatter diagram of CaCO₃ flux at the 200-m depth and CP; (b) CaCO₃ flux at 200-m depth; (c) the power spectra of CaCO₃ flux at 200-m depth.

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