Estimating the effect of shallow groundwater on diurnal heat transport in a vadose zone

doi:10.1007/s11707-015-0524-5

Front. Earth Sci.

2016, Vol. 10

Issue (3) : 513-526 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-015-0524-5

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Estimating the effect of shallow groundwater on diurnal heat transport in a vadose zone

Jianmei JIANG¹,Lin ZHAO^1,^2,^*(

),Zhe ZHAI²

¹. School of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
². School of Environment Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

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Abstract

The influence of shallow groundwater on the diurnal heat transport of the soil profile was analyzed using a soil sensor automatic monitoring system that continuously measures temperature and water content of soil profiles to simulate heat transport based on the Philip and de Vries (PDV) model. Three experiments were conducted to measure soil properties at depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm when groundwater tables reached 10 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm (Experiments I, II, and III). Results show that both the soil temperature near shallow groundwater and the soil water content were effectively simulated by the PDV model. The root mean square errors of the temperature at depths of 5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm were 1.018°C, 0.909°C, and 0.255°C, respectively. The total heat flux generated the convergent and divergent planes in space-time fields with valley values of –161.5 W·m⁻² at 7:30 and –234.6 W·m⁻² at 11:10 in Experiments II and III, respectively. The diurnal heat transport of the saturated soil occurred in five stages, while that of saturated-unsaturated and unsaturated soil profiles occurred in four stages because high moisture content led to high thermal conductivity, which hastened the heat transport.

Keywords heat transport heat flux soil temperature water content shallow groundwater table

Corresponding Author(s): Lin ZHAO

Just Accepted Date: 20 July 2015 Online First Date: 18 September 2015 Issue Date: 20 June 2016

Cite this article:

Jianmei JIANG,Lin ZHAO,Zhe ZHAI. Estimating the effect of shallow groundwater on diurnal heat transport in a vadose zone[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2016, 10(3): 513-526.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-015-0524-5
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2016/V10/I3/513

Fig.1 Experiment device for soil heat transport at groundwater table depth of above 60 cm.

Tab.1 Summary of parameters used for simulation

Fig.2 Comparisons between measured and numerically simulated time series of air temperature (a) and relative humidity (b) over soil surface.

Fig.3 Simulated and measured soil temperatures at three soil depths (5 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm) during the simulation period (120 h) at a groundwater table depth above 60 cm.

Fig.4 Simulated and measured volumetric water contents at three soil depths (5 cm, 20 cm, and 30 cm) during the simulation period (120 h) at groundwater table depths above 60 cm.

Fig.5 Diurnal changes of surface heat and latent heat flux at groundwater table depths above 10 cm 30 cm, and 60 cm (a) and diurnal changes of surface latent heat flux at groundwater table depths above 10 cm, 30 cm, and 60 cm (b).

Fig.6 Different types of heat flux profiles at shallow groundwater table depths above (a) 10 cm, (b) 30 cm, and (c) 60 cm.

Fig.7 Distribution of the total heat flux in space and time fields at groundwater table depths above (a) 10 cm, (b) 30 cm, and (c) 60 cm.

Fig.8 Distribution of the latent heat flux in space and time fields at groundwater table depths above (a) 10 cm, (b) 30 cm, and (c) 60 cm.

Fig.9 Schematic illustration of the diurnal heat transport stages for the (a) saturated, (b) saturated-unsaturated, and (c) unsaturated soil profiles.

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