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Frontiers of Earth Science

ISSN 2095-0195

ISSN 2095-0209(Online)

CN 11-5982/P

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Front. Earth Sci.    2018, Vol. 12 Issue (3) : 611-624    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11707-018-0687-y
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Soil respiration in typical plant communities in the wetland surrounding the high-salinity Ebinur Lake
Yanhong LI1,2(), Mingliang ZHAO1,2, Fadong LI1,2,3,4
1. Xinjiang Normal University, College of Geography and Tourism, Urumqi 830054, China
2. Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Area, Urumqi 830054, China
3. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
4. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Abstract

Soil respiration in wetlands surrounding lakes is a vital component of the soil carbon cycle in arid regions. However, information remains limited on the soil respiration around highly saline lakes during the plant growing season. Here, we aimed to evaluate diurnal and seasonal variation in soil respiration to elucidate the controlling factors in the wetland of Ebinur Lake, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, western China. We used a soil carbon flux automatic analyzer (LI-840A) to measure soil respiration rates during the growing season (April to November) in two fields covered by reeds and tamarisk and one field with no vegetation (bare soil) from 2015 to 2016. The results showed a single peak in the diurnal pattern of soil respiration from 11:00 to 17:00 for plots covered in reeds, tamarisk, and bare soil, with minimum values being detected from 03:00 to 07:00. During the growing season, the soil respiration of reeds and tamarisk peaked during the thriving period (4.16 and 3.75 mmol·m−2·s−1, respectively), while that of bare soil peaked during the intermediate growth period (0.74 mmol·m−2·s−1). The soil respiration in all three plots was lowest during the wintering period (0.08, 0.09, and −0.87 mmol·m−2·s−1, respectively). Air temperature and relative humidity significantly influenced soil respiration. A significant linear relationship was detected between soil respiration and soil temperature for reeds, tamarisk, and bare soil. The average Q10 of reeds and tamarisk were larger than that of bare soil. However, soil moisture content was not the main factor controlling soil respiration. Soil respiration was negatively correlated with soil pH and soil salinity in all three plot types. In contrast, soil respiration was positively correlated with organic carbon. Overall, CO2 emissions and greenhouse gases had a relatively weak effect on the wetlands surrounding the highly saline Ebinur Lake.
Keywords Ebinur Lake      soil respiration      high salinity      soil temperature      soil moisture     
Corresponding Author(s): Yanhong LI   
Just Accepted Date: 22 January 2018   Online First Date: 19 April 2018    Issue Date: 05 September 2018
 Cite this article:   
Yanhong LI,Mingliang ZHAO,Fadong LI. Soil respiration in typical plant communities in the wetland surrounding the high-salinity Ebinur Lake[J]. Front. Earth Sci., 2018, 12(3): 611-624.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/10.1007/s11707-018-0687-y
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fesci/EN/Y2018/V12/I3/611
Fig.1  Location of the study area.
Plant community pH Salt content /(g·kg−1) SOC
/(g·kg−1)		 Salinization type Soil texture Coverage Average height/m
Reed 8.15±0.41 17.39±3.22 29.62±2.81 High salinity Clay 70% 1.84
Tamarisk 7.98±0.55 44.63±24.37 12.89±4.53 Moderate salinity Silt, clay 50% 1.79
Bare soil 8.01±0.67 5.03±1.98 2.91±2.24 Low salinity Sand, fine sand 0% 0
Tab.1  Characteristics of the soil in the study area
Fig.2  Daily dynamics of the soil respiration rate of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk versus bare soil.
Fig.3  Seasonal dynamics of the soil respiration rate of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk versus bare soil.
Fig.4  Regression analysis between soil respiration rates and air temperature of plots supporting different growth periods of reeds and tamarisk versus bare soil. “Y” represents the soil respiration rate; “Tair” represents air temperature.
Fig.5  Regression analysis for the soil respiration rates of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk at different growth periods versus bare soil, plus the relative humidity of air. “Y” represents the soil respiration rate, “RHair” represents relative humidity of air.
Fig.6  Regression analysis for the soil respiration rates and soil temperature of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk at different growth periods versus bare soil. “Y” represents the soil respiration rate, “T” represents the soil temperature at 5 cm depth.
Growth
period		 Q10
Reed Tamarisk Bare soil
Sprouting 2.34 1.65 1.52
Rapid growth 1.68 1.74 1.49
Intermediate growth 1.71 1.55 1.53
Heading 1.34 1.40 1.55
Withering 1.77 1.66 1.47
Wintering 1.52 1.71 1.41
Tab.2  Q10 value of soil supporting reeds and tamarisk at different growth periods versus bare soil
Growth period Reed Tamarisk Bare soil
Sprouting 0.054 −0.143 −0.388
Rapid growth 0.47 −0.319 0.416
Intermediate growth 0.289 0.438 0.381
Heading −0.305 0.661* −0.018
Withering −0.194 −0.569 0.274
Wintering 0.569 0.037 0.008
Tab.3  Correlation coefficients of the soil respiration rates of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk at different growth periods versus bare soil, using soil moisture content at 5 cm depth
Plot type Growth period Regression equation R2 F P
Reed Sprouting Y=0.17T+0.13W−3.25 0.925 68.55 <0.01
Rapid growth Y =0.11Tair+0.47 0.921 128.46 <0.01
Intermediate growth Y =0.11Tair−0.54 0.837 57.48 <0.01
Heading Y =0.08Tair+1.06 0.926 128.95 <0.01
Withering Y =0.06Tair+0.06T−0.54 0.952 110.17 <0.01
Wintering Y =0.08T−0.50 0.315 6.062 <0.05
All seasons Y =0.13Tair−0.79 0.949 73.87 <0.01
Tamarisk Sprouting Y =0.11T−2.04 0.682 24.60 <0.01
Rapid growth Y =−0.03RHair+1.56 0.641 20.59 <0.01
Intermediate growth Y =0.095T−0.56 0.558 14.87 <0.01
Heading Y =0.07T+0.28W+1.08 0.722 15.30 <0.01
Withering Y =−0.02RHair+2.3 0.947 198.52 <0.01
Wintering Y =0.139T−0.52 0.947 196.13 <0.01
All seasons Y =0.26Tair−0.19T−0.77 0.997 530.55 <0.01
Bare soil Sprouting Y =0.08T−0.03RHair−0.94 0.902 51.71 <0.01
Rapid growth Y =0.10T−2.70 0.881 82.75 <0.01
Intermediate growth Y =0.48T−2.41 0.408 8.59 <0.05
Heading Y =0.07Tair−2.39 0.902 102.24 <0.01
Withering Y =0.12Tair−2.16 0.724 29.84 <0.01
Wintering Y =0.20T−1.69 0.714 28.40 <0.01
All seasons Y =0.204T−1.07 0.75 11.97 <0.05
Tab.4  Combined effects of air temperature, air relative humidity, soil temperature, and soil moisture content on the soil respiration of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk at different growth periods versus bare soil
Plot pH value Salt content Organic carbon content
Reed −0.655 −0.188 ???0.901*
Tamarisk −0.12? −0.251 0.61
Bare soil −0.52? −0.118 0.075
Tab.5  Correlation coefficients of the soil respiration rates of plots supporting reeds and tamarisk versus bare soil based on soil properties
Sample
plot		 Geographical position Vegetation
type		 GWPs/
(kg CO2·hm−2)		 Source
Ebinur Lake Xinjiang of China Reed 650.58 —
Ebinur Lake Xinjiang of China Tamarisk 412.22 —
Ebinur Lake Xinjiang of China bare soil −3.97 —
Farmland South Korea Paddy 8.46×106 Haque et al. (2016)
Farmland Iran Sugar beet 2668.35 Yousefi et al. (2014)
Farmland Chongqin of China Maize 10465 Mu et al. (2013)
Farmland America Corn 272.78 Ghimire et al. (2017)
Farmland Canada Barley, wheat, canola, pea 1478.75 Goglio et al. (2014)
Farmland Shanxi of China Wheat, maize 22545.74 Chen et al. (2017)
Wetland Fujian of China Mangrove trees 4365.7 Wang et al. (2016)
Farmland Hubei of China Compound rice fields −32911.6 Zhan et al. (2008)
Tab.6  Comparative analysis of the global warming potential (GWP)
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