1. College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China 2. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Weifang University of Science & Technology, Shouguang 262700, China 3. Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ministry of Education); College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China 4. The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization, SOA, Tianjin 300192, China
RSM was utilized to optimize and model influential parameters on fluoride removal.
Regression models involving independent variables and main response were developed.
Interactive effects and optimum of process factors were illuminated and determined.
Fluoride removal efficiency of 99.69% was observed in optimal process conditions.
Response surface methodology was utilized to model and optimize the operational variables for defluoridation using an electrodialysis process as the treatment of secondary effluent of the graphite industry. Experiments were conducted using a Box-Behnken surface statistical design in order to evaluate the effects and the interaction of the influential variables including the operational voltage, initial fluoride concentration and flow rate. The regression models for defluoridation and energy consumption responses were statistically validated using analysis of variance (ANOVA); high coefficient of determination values (R2 = 0.9772 and R2 = 0.9814; respectively) were obtained. The quadratic model exhibited high reproducibility and a good fit of the experimental data. The optimum values of the initial fluoride concentration, voltage and flow rate were found to be 13.9 mg/L, 13.4 V, 102.5 L/h, respectively. A fluoride removal efficiency of 99.69% was observed under optimum conditions for the treatment of the secondary effluent of the graphite industry.
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