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Melatonin and mitochondria in aging |
Weiguo DONG1,2, Fang HUANG2, Hongwen HE2() |
1. Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350108, China; 2. Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China |
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Abstract The worldwide prolongation of mean life expectancy has resulted in a rapid increase of the size of the elderly population, both in numbers and as a proportion of the whole. In addition, the incidence of age-related diseases is obviously increasing as the population ages. Finding means to preserve optimal health in old age has become a primary goal of biomedical research. Aging is a multifactorial process that includes progressive cellular loss, endocrine and metabolic deficits, reduced defense mechanisms and functional losses that increase the risk of death. Mitochondria fulfill a number of essential cellular functions and play a key role in the aging process. Melatonin, which is synthesized in the pineal gland and other organs, plays a role in the biologic regulation of aging. Noctural melatonin serum levels are high during childhood and diminish substantially as people age. Melatonin preserves mitochondrial homeostasis, reduces free radical generation, e.g., by enhancing mitochondrial glutathione levels; it also safeguards proton potential and ATP synthesis by stimulating complex I and IV activities. In this article, we review the role of melatonin and mitochondria in aging.
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Keywords
aging
melatonin
mitochondria
respiratory
reactive oxygen species
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Corresponding Author(s):
HE Hongwen,Email:HeHW@mail.sysu.edu.cn
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Issue Date: 01 December 2010
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