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Frontiers in Biology

ISSN 1674-7984

ISSN 1674-7992(Online)

CN 11-5892/Q

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Front. Biol.    2015, Vol. 10 Issue (6) : 528-536    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11515-015-1377-8
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Antimicrobial properties of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from Combretum latifolium Blume, a medicinal shrub from Western Ghats of India
H. C. Yashavantha Rao1,Devaraju Rakshith1,Sreedharamurthy Satish1,2,*()
1. Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore-570006, Karnataka, India
2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Abstract

Endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from Combretum latifolium Blume (Combretaceae), Western Ghats of Southern India and identified by its characteristic culture morphology and molecular analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. In this survey of endophytic actinomycetes, a total of 117 isolates representing 9 different genera of endophytic actinomycetes were obtained using four different isolation media and several of them seemed to be novel taxa. Streptomyces genera (35%) was the most frequently isolated strains, followed by Nocordiopsis (17%) and Micromonospora (13%). ISP-4 medium recovered more isolates (47%) when compared to rest of the media used. Preliminary antibacterial activity of the isolates was carried out by confrontation test. Ethyl acetate fraction of selected isolates in disc diffusion assay exhibited broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against test human pathogens. All Streptomyces spp. strains displayed significant antimicrobial activity against test pathogens. Strain CLA-66 and CLA-68 which are Nocordipsis spp. inhibited both bacterial and fungal pathogens where as other isolates inhibited atleast three test human pathogens in disc diffusion assay. Antimicrobial screening of endophytic actinomycetes from this host may represent a unique potential niche for antimicrobial compounds of industrial and pharmaceutical applications. This work is the first comprehensive report on incidence of potential endophytic actinomycetes inhabiting C. latifolium Blume.
Keywords endophytic actinomycetes      Combretum latifolium Blume      Streptomyces      antimicrobial activity     
Corresponding Author(s): Sreedharamurthy Satish   
Just Accepted Date: 24 November 2015   Online First Date: 11 December 2015    Issue Date: 26 January 2016
 Cite this article:   
H. C. Yashavantha Rao,Devaraju Rakshith,Sreedharamurthy Satish. Antimicrobial properties of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from Combretum latifolium Blume, a medicinal shrub from Western Ghats of India[J]. Front. Biol., 2015, 10(6): 528-536.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/10.1007/s11515-015-1377-8
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/Y2015/V10/I6/528
Fig.1  Recovery of endophytic actinomycetes from different tissues of C. latifolium Blume.
Fig.2  Growth rate of endophytic actinomycetes isolates from C. latifolium Blume.
Isolation media* Number of isolated isolates Number of potential isolates % of bioactive isolates
ISP-2 27 16 59.25
ISP-4 56 41 73.21
CA 13 5 38.46
HV 21 7 33.33
Total 117 69 58.97
Tab.1  Effect of isolation media on recovery of endophytic bioactive isolates
Fig.3  Distribution of endophytic actinomycetes to different actinomycetes group sampled from C. latifolium Blume.
Fig.4  Preliminary screening for antibacterial activity of endophytic actinomycetes against human pathogens by confrontation test.
Fig.5  Colony morphology of endophytic Streptomyces sp. on ISP-4 agar after 14 days.
Family Genus Total numberof isolates Number of bioactive isolates against test pathogens
SA BC EC ST PA
Micrococcaceae Kocuria 1 0 1 0 0 0
Glycomycetaceae Glycomyces 3 0 1 0 0 0
Nocardiaceae Nocordiopsis 21 13 15 09 12 06
Streptomycetaceae Streptomyces 42 31 38 27 33 28
Streptosporangiaceae Microbispora 2 1 1 0 0 0
Micromonosporaceae Micromonospora 16 3 4 2 2 1
Pseudonocardiaceae Pseudonocardia 04 1 2 0 0 0
Spirillospora 03 0 1 0 0 0
Thermomonosporaceae Actinomadura 08 0 1 2 0 2
Unidentified 17 4 8 4 5 4
Total 117 53 72 44 52 41
Tab.2  Genus distribution of endophytic actinomycetes isolates from C. latifolium Blume and their primary screening for antibacterial activity by confrontation test
Strain code Genus Inhibition zones in diameter (mm)
Test human pathogens
S. aureus(MTCC 7443) L. monocyto-genes(MTCC 839) P. aeruginosa(MTCC 7903) S. typhi(MTCC 733) C. albicans(MTCC 183) M. canis(MTCC 2820)
CLA01 Streptomyces sp. +++ +++ +++ +++ ++ +++
CLA34 Actinomadura sp. - ++ +++ + - -
CLA56 Micromonospora sp. ++ ++ ++ + ++ ++
CLA66 Nocordiopsis sp. ++ ++ +++ ++ ++ -
CLA68 Nocordiopsis sp. ++ +++ ++ +++ +++ ++
CLA12 Streptomyces sp. +++ +++ +++ +++ +++ +++
CLA14 Glycomyces sp. ++ ++ +++ ++ - ++
CLA34 Streptomyces sp. ++ +++ +++ +++ +++ ++
CLA56 Microbispora sp. + ++ + ++ - ++
CLA72 Streptomyces sp. +++ ++ +++ +++ +++ +++
CLA98 Unidentified +++ ++ +++ +++ ++ +++
CLA-104 Unidentified +++ +++ +++ ++ +++ ++
Tab.3  Determination of activity of ethyl acetate extract of selected endophytic actinomycetes by disc diffusion assay
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