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Frontiers in Biology

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Front. Biol.    2017, Vol. 12 Issue (4) : 298-310    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11515-017-1455-1
RESEARCH ARTICLE
The role of dopamine D2 receptors in the amygdala in metabolic and behavioral responses to stress in male Swiss-Webster mice
Maryam Hassantash1, Hedayat Sahraei2, Zahra Bahari3, Gholam Hossein Meftahi2(), Roshanak Vesali1
1. Faculty of Psychology & Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2. Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The D2 dopamine receptor is found in different parts of the amygdala. However, its contribution to stress is unknown. Thus, in the present study, we examined the effects of excitation and inhibition of D2 dopamine receptors in the amygdala on the metabolic and hormonal changes in response to stress.

METHODS: Bilateral amygdala cannulation was carried out in Swiss-Webster mice (n = 7). On recovery, different doses of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, sulpiride (1, 5 and 10 µg/mouse) or the dopamine D2 receptor agonist, bromocriptine (1, 5 and 10 µg/mouse) were injected into the amygdala. The animals were then placed in stress apparatus (communication box) where they received an electric shock (10 mV voltage, 10 Hz frequency and 60 s duration) after 30 min. The animal's activities were recorded for 10 min before and 10 min after the stress induction. Locomotion, rearing and freezing were investigated. Metabolic changes, such as food and water intake and anorexia, were studied.

RESULTS: The results show that stress increased the concentration of plasma corticosterone, which was followed by a decrease in locomotion and rearing and an increase in freezing behavior. Furthermore, both weight and water and food intake were reduced. Administration of bromocriptine led to a reduction of corticosterone at doses of 1 and 5 µg/mouse and an increase of corticosterone at 10 µg/mouse. Additionally, lower doses of bromocriptine (1 and 5 µg/mouse) caused an increase in locomotion and rearing and a decrease in freezing behavior. Similar results were observed with sulpiride injection.

CONCLUSION: D2 dopamine receptors can play a major role in the amygdala in stress. Both an agonist and an antagonist of the D2 receptor attenuate the metabolic and hormonal changes observed in response to stress
Keywords amygdala      anorexia      bromocriptine      corticosterone      D2 dopamine recepetor      sulpiride     
Corresponding Author(s): Gholam Hossein Meftahi   
Online First Date: 22 August 2017    Issue Date: 13 September 2017
 Cite this article:   
Maryam Hassantash,Hedayat Sahraei,Zahra Bahari, et al. The role of dopamine D2 receptors in the amygdala in metabolic and behavioral responses to stress in male Swiss-Webster mice[J]. Front. Biol., 2017, 12(4): 298-310.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/10.1007/s11515-017-1455-1
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/Y2017/V12/I4/298
Fig.1  The effect of bilateral intra-amygdala administration of different doses of bromocriptine (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) and induced stress on weight changes (A), food intake (B), water intake (C) and anorexia (D). The mice were investigated at a specific time every day for 14 consecutive days. The results obtained on the first day were taken as 100 and were used as a point of reference for measurements made on subsequent days (percentage).
Fig.2  Stress and bilateral intra-amygdala administration of bromocriptine induced changes in serum corticosterone concentrations. Five minutes before the stress, different doses of bromocriptine (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) or saline were injected bilaterally into the amygdala. Five minutes before the stress, saline bilateral was injected into the amygdala. To measure the serum corticosterone concentration, blood samples were taken from all mice on the first, seventh and fourteenth days after stress. The sample was taken from the corner of the animal’s eye after the experiment. The Mean±SEM are presented for 6 mice. ***P<0.001 shows a significant difference as compared to the negative control group (n = 7 mouse/group).
Fig.3  The effect of induced stress and bilateral intra-amygdala administration of different doses of bromocriptine (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) on dopamine related behavior. Changes in locomotion (A), rearing (B) and freezing time (C). ***P<0.001 shows a significant difference as compared to the negative control group.
Fig.4  The effect of the bilateral intra-amygdala administration of different doses of sulpiride (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) and induced stress on weight changes (A), food intake (B), water intake (C) and anorexia (D). The results obtained on the first day were taken as 100 and were used as a point of reference for measurements made on subsequent days (percentage).
Fig.5  Stress and bilateral intra-amygdala administration of different doses of sulpiride (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) induced changes in serum corticosterone concentrations. Five minutes before the stress, different doses of sulpiride (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) or saline were injected bilaterally into the amygdala. Five minutes before the stress, saline bilateral was injected into the amygdala. To measure the serum corticosterone concentration, blood samples were taken from all mice on the first, seventh and fourteenth days after stress. The samples were taken from the corner of the animals eyes after the experiment. The Mean±SEM are presented for 6 mice. ** P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 show a significant difference as compared to the negative control group. (n = 7 mouse/group)
Fig.6  Effects of bilateral intra-amygdala administration of different doses of sulpiride (1, 5 or 10 µg/mouse) on dopamine related behavior before stress. Changes in locomotion (A), rearing (B), and freezing time (C). ***P<0.001 shows a significant difference as compared to the negative control group. + + P<0.01 and+ P<0.05 shows a significant difference as compared to the positive control group. (n = 7 mouse/group).
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