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Frontiers in Biology

ISSN 1674-7984

ISSN 1674-7992(Online)

CN 11-5892/Q

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Front. Biol.    2018, Vol. 13 Issue (4) : 293-296    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11515-018-1494-2
REVIEW
HspX protein as a candidate vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an overview
Arshid Yousefi-Avarvand1,2, Mohsen Tafaghodi3, Saman Soleimanpour1,2,4(), Farzad Khademi5
1. Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2. Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3. Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4. Reference Tuberculosis Laboratory of Northeast-Iran, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
5. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This disease with two million deaths per year has the highest mortality rate among bacterial infections. The only available vaccine against TB is BCG vaccine. BCG is an effective vaccine against TB in childhood, however, due to some limitations, has not proper efficiency in adults. Also, BCG cannot produce an adequately protective response against reactivation of latent infections.

OBJECTIVE: In the present study we will review the most recent findings about contribution of HspX protein in the vaccines against tuberculosis.

METHODS: Therefore, many attempts have been made to improve BCG or to find its replacement. Most of the subunit vaccines for TB in various phases of clinical trials were constructed as prophylactic vaccines using Mtb proteins expressed in the replicating stage. These vaccines might prevent active TB but not reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). A literature search was performed on various online databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar) regarding the roles of HspX protein in tuberculosis vaccines.

RESULTS: Ideal subunit post-exposure vaccines should target all forms of TB infection, including active symptomatic and dormant (latent) asymptomatic forms. Among these subunit vaccines, HspX is the most important latent phase antigen of M. tuberculosis with a strong immunological response. There are many studies that have evaluated the immunogenicity of this protein to improve TB vaccine.

CONCLUSION: According to the studies, HspX protein is a good candidate for development of subunit vaccines against TB infection.
Keywords HspX protein      Mycobacterium tuberculosis      vaccine     
Corresponding Author(s): Saman Soleimanpour   
Online First Date: 02 July 2018    Issue Date: 10 September 2018
 Cite this article:   
Arshid Yousefi-Avarvand,Mohsen Tafaghodi,Saman Soleimanpour, et al. HspX protein as a candidate vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an overview[J]. Front. Biol., 2018, 13(4): 293-296.
 URL:  
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/10.1007/s11515-018-1494-2
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fib/EN/Y2018/V13/I4/293
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