Impacts of solar multiple on the performance of direct steam generation solar power tower plant with integrated thermal storage
Yan LUO1, Xiaoze DU2, Lijun YANG2, Chao XU2(), Muhammad AMJAD3
1. School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206; School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China 2. School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China 3. School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
Solar multiple (SM) and thermal storage capacity are two key design parameters for revealing the performance of direct steam generation (DSG) solar power tower plant. In the case of settled land area, SM and thermal storage capacity can be optimized to obtain the minimum levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by adjusting the power generation output. Taking the dual-receiver DSG solar power tower plant with a given size of solar field equivalent electricity of 100 MWe in Sevilla as a reference case, the minimum LCOE is 21.77 ￠/kWhe with an SM of 1.7 and a thermal storage capacity of 3 h. Besides Sevilla, two other sites are also introduced to discuss the influence of annual DNI. When compared with the case of Sevilla, the minimum LCOE and optimal SM of the San Jose site change just slightly, while the minimum LCOE of the Bishop site decreases by 32.8% and the optimal SM is reduced to 1.3. The influence of the size of solar field equivalent electricity is studied as well. The minimum LCOE decreases with the size of solar field, while the optimal SM and thermal storage capacity still remain unchanged. In addition, the sensitivity of different investment in sub-system is investigated. In terms of optimal SM and thermal storage capacity, they can decrease with the cost of thermal storage system but increase with the cost of power generation unit.
. [J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2017, 11(4): 461-471.
Yan LUO, Xiaoze DU, Lijun YANG, Chao XU, Muhammad AMJAD. Impacts of solar multiple on the performance of direct steam generation solar power tower plant with integrated thermal storage. Front. Energy, 2017, 11(4): 461-471.
Specific investment in thermal storage/($·kWh−2th)
43 [11]
Specific investment in power generationunit/($·kWh−2e)
1000 [26]
Indirect cost for power generationunit/%
25 [26]
Operation and maintenance
O&M equipment cost percentageof investment per year/%
1 [18]
Tab.2
Fig.5
Fig.6
Fig.7
Fig.8
Fig.9
Fig.10
Fig.11
San Jose, USA
Bishop, USA
Annual DNI/(kWh·m−2)
1952.0
2748.0
Average ambient temperature/°C
14.9
14.3
Average wind velocity/(m·s−1)
3.03
3.45
Design DNI/(W·m−2)
875
904
Design ambient temperature/°C
16.6
16.7
Design wind velocity/(m·s−1)
0.0
3.6
Tab.3
Sevilla, Spain
San Jose, USA
Bishop, USA
Minimum LCOE/(￠·kWh?1e)
21.77
19.57
14.62
Annual electricity production/GWhe
167.64
186.45
272.21
SM
1.7
1.7
1.3
Thermal storage capacity/h
3
3
3
Tab.4
Size of solar field equivalent electricity/MWe
50
65
85
100
115
135
150
Minimum LCOE/(￠·kWh?1e)
24.53
23.31
22.25
21.77
21.44
21.15
20.92
Annual electricity production per unit area ofheliostats/(kWhe·m?2)
313.01
309.28
305.24
300.35
296.90
291.08
288.68
SM
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.7
Thermal storage capacity/h
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Tab.5
Fig.12
Investment ratio
0.5
0.75
1
Thermal storage system
SM
2.7
2.0
1.7
Thermal storage capacity/h
9
6
3
Power generation unit
SM
1.3
1.7
1.7
Thermal storage capacity/h
0
3
3
Tab.6
A
H
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
H
Tower height, m
m
Mass flow rate, kg/s
P
Pressure, Pa
Q
Collected solar energy, MW
T
Temperature, °C
V
Wind speed, m/s
W
Mechanical power exported from theturbine, W
Greek symbols
Efficiency
Subscript
0
Rated condition
1
Inlet
2
Outlet
c
Storage charge
d
Storage discharge
g
Generator
inc
Incident solar energy
o
Ambient
p
Pump
R
Receiver
T
Turbine
tes
Thermal energy storage system
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