People’s social behavior, especially environmental behavior, has a great impact on energy consumption and carbon emission. This paper explores both categories of individual factors (e.g., values, habits, education, motivation, etc.) and social factors (e.g., institution, infrastructure, encouragement, etc.), to clarify the correlation between them and their sub-factors. Low-carbon campus is a representative type of low-carbon community which is less difficult to build than other communities because university students are well-educated and, to some extent, are more environmental aware and more willing to change their behaviors. The energy-saving and environment-friendly policies implemented on campus are collected and overviewed in this paper. Additionally, the leaders and employees from the related administration departments are interviewed, and the data of electricity amount and water usage are analyzed and a well-designed questionnaire is handed out in a survey. The survey investigates the environmental knowledge, energy use habits, attitude toward low-carbon transformation, comments on the current institution and so on. The results show that different groups of students have varied levels of environmental knowledge, energy use habits, and attitude toward low-carbon campus management. To improve energy conservation and cut carbon emission radically, advices on building low-carbon community are also proposed including professional curriculums of environmental protection, economic initiatives, effect management, good communications, and sound infrastructures and facilities.
I will leave electronic devices standby when not using them
1
2
3
4
5
2
I pay attention to the temperature setting of air-conditioning (e.g.,≤18°C in winter;≥26°C in summer)
1
2
3
4
5
3
I will choose the stairs instead of lifts when the floor is low
1
2
3
4
5
4
I will remind him/her if I see someone familiar wasting resources
1
2
3
4
5
Tab.1
No.
Question
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Indifferent
Agree
Strongly agree
1
I know the definition of concepts like greenhouse effect, low-carbon etc.
1
2
3
4
5
2
I will search for low-carbon information by myself
1
2
3
4
5
3
I think that individual behavior change is significant to the reduction of carbon emission
1
2
3
4
5
4
I am responsible for reducing the greenhouse gas emission
1
2
3
4
5
5
I am willing to join environmental protection or low-carbon related NGOs
1
2
3
4
5
Tab.2
No.
Question
Strongly disagree
Disagree
Indifferent
Agree
Strongly agree
1
I have heard of the Energy White Paper of Fudan University and know what it is about
1
2
3
4
5
2
I know how to gain information of the university about the regulations on energy saving and carbon emission reduction
1
2
3
4
5
3
There are many activities about energy-saving and emission-reduction on campus
1
2
3
4
5
4
I have at least participated in one campus activity related to low-carbon or environmental protection
1
2
3
4
5
5
I am satisfied with the current garbage classification and collection system of the university
1
2
3
4
5
6
I think it is necessary to install air-conditioning systems and water heaters in the dormitory
1
2
3
4
5
7
I think that the energy in classroom buildings and libraries are to some extent wasted
1
2
3
4
5
8
I know the regulations of the university on energy-saving and emission-reduction
1
2
3
4
5
9
The university should announce economic incentives to encourage students’ energy- saving behaviors
1
2
3
4
5
10
I am willing to accept the energy-saving mechanism of the university, such as tiered pricing for electricity
1
2
3
4
5
Tab.3
Fig.1
Fig.2
No.
Policy item
Formulation/modification time
Has been implemented or not
1
Electricity use management act
Apr. 1998
Yes
2
Detailed rules on electricity charges
Apr. 1998
Yes
3
Act of electricity charges management
Apr. 2007
Yes
4
Power distribution station management system
Mar. 2013
Yes
5
Rules of reward on energy saving
Dec. 2013
Yes
6
Act of energy charges management
Nov. 2013
No
7
Provisional act on energy (electricity, gases and water) use management
Mar. 2014
No
8
Detailed rules on energy (electricity, gases and water) use management
Mar. 2014
No
9
Act of quota indicator energy use management
Mar. 2014
No
Tab.4
Users categories
Electricity price/CNY
School canteens
0.612
Students’ dormitory parks (Each student has 5 kWh subsidy per month)
0.617
Internal users (mainly faculties and departments, and profitable users such as affiliated school hotels)
0.9
External users (such as banks, post office, shops, etc.)
1.0
Tab.5
Behaviors and habits
Score
Undergraduates
Graduates
Average
1
3.31
2.99
3.15
2
3.59
3.27
3.43
3
4.65
4.70
4.67
4
4.06
3.51
3.78
5
2.76
2.74
2.75
Average
3.67
3.44
3.56
Tab.6
Recognition and attitude
Score
Undergraduates
Graduates
Average
1
4.10
4.04
4.07
2
3.46
3.51
3.48
3
3.85
3.87
3.86
4
4.16
4.00
4.08
5
3.80
3.67
3.74
Average
3.87
3.82
3.85
Tab.7
Institution and facilities
Score
Undergraduates
Graduates
Average
1
1.90
2.15
2.02
2
2.70
2.60
2.65
3
3.30
3.11
3.21
4
3.07
2.67
2.87
5
2.66
2.71
2.68
6
4.36
4.28
4.32
7
3.91
3.49
3.70
8
2.83
2.70
2.76
9
3.93
3.87
3.90
10
3.84
3.72
3.78
Average
3.25
3.13
3.19
Tab.8
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