Emission components characteristics of a bi-fuel vehicle at idling condition

doi:10.1007/s11708-011-0158-6

Front Energ

2011, Vol. 5

Issue (3) : 322-329 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-011-0158-6

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Emission components characteristics of a bi-fuel vehicle at idling condition

Sameh M. METWALLEY(

), Shawki A. ABOUEL-SEOUD, Abdelfattah M. FARAHAT

Faculty of Engineering, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt

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Abstract

Natural gas (NG) represents today a promising alternative to conventional fuels for road vehicles propulsion, since it is characterized by a relatively low cost, better geopolitical distribution than oil, and lower environmental impact. This explains the current spreading of compressed natural gas (CNG) fuelled spark ignition (SI) engine, above all in the bi-fuel version, which is able to run either with gasoline or with NG. However, the aim of the present investigation is to evaluate the emission characteristics at idling condition. The vehicle engine was converted to bi-fueling system from a gasoline engine, and operated separately either with gasoline or CNG. Two different fuel injection systems (i.e., multi-point injection (MPI)-sequential and closed-loop venturi-continuous) are used, and their influences on the formation of emissions at different operating conditions are examined. A detailed comparative analysis of the engine exhaust emissions using gasoline and CNG is made. The results indicate that the CNG shows low air index and lower emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and total hydrocarbon (THC) compared to gasoline.

Keywords road vehicle engine fuel injection systems carbon monoxide (CO) carbon dioxide (CO₂) total hydrocarbon (THC) vehicle idle conditions air index

Corresponding Author(s): METWALLEY Sameh M.,Email:metwalley1965@hotmail.com

Issue Date: 05 September 2011

Cite this article:

Sameh M. METWALLEY,Shawki A. ABOUEL-SEOUD,Abdelfattah M. FARAHAT. Emission components characteristics of a bi-fuel vehicle at idling condition[J]. Front Energ, 2011, 5(3): 322-329.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-011-0158-6
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2011/V5/I3/322

Fig.1 Vehicle engine emission gas analyzer

Fig.2 Exhaust probe inside the exhaust tailpipe

Tab.1 Technical data for engine used in the experiment

Tab.2 Types of fuel injection system

Fig.3 CO in gasoline MP-injection

Fig.4 CO in CNG MP-injection

Fig.5 CO in CNG closed loop (venturi) injection system

Fig.6 Comparison between MPI-CNG and MPI-gasoline

Fig.7 Comparison between MPI and closed-loop (venturi) systems in CNG

Fig.8 CO in gasoline MPI

Fig.9 CO in CNG MPI

Fig.10 CO in CNG closed loop (venturi) injection system

Fig.11 Comparison between MPI and closed-loop (venturi) systems in CNG

Fig.12 Comparison between MPI-CNG and MPI-gasoline

Fig.13 THC in gasoline MPI

Fig.14 THC in CNG MP-injection

Fig.15 THC in CNG closed loop injection system

Fig.16 Comparison between MPI and closed-loop (venturi) systems

Fig.17 Comparison between CNG MPI-CNG and MPI-gasoline

Fig.18 Vehicle engine in gasoline MP-injection

Fig.19 Vehicle engine in CNG MP-injection

Fig.20 Vehicle engine in closed loop-Venturi injection

Fig.21 Comparison between MPI- CNG and MPI-gasoline

Fig.22 Comparison between MPI- CNG and closed-loop CNG

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