Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and elevated pressure

doi:10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7

Front. Energy

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (2) : 263-276 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and elevated pressure

Geyuan YIN^1,², Chaojun WANG³, Meng ZHOU³, Yajie ZHOU³, Erjiang HU³(

), Zuohua HUANG³

¹. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
². Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
³. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

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Abstract

The laminar flame speeds of ammonia mixed with syngas at a high pressure, temperature, and different syngas ratios were measured. The data obtained were fitted at different pressures, temperatures, syngas ratios, and equivalence ratios. Four kinetic models (the Glarborg model, Shrestha model, Mei model, and Han model) were compared and validated with experimental data. Pathway, sensitivity and radical pool analysis are conducted to find out the deep kinetic insight on ammonia oxidation and NO formation. The pathway analysis shows that H abstraction reactions and NH_i combination reactions play important roles in ammonia oxidation. NO formation is closely related to H, OH, the O radical produced, and formation reactions. NO is mainly formed from reaction, HNO+ H= NO+ H₂. Furthermore, both ammonia oxidation and NO formation are sensitive to small radical reactions and ammonia related reactions.

Keywords ammonia mixed with syngas laminar flame speed kinetic model sensitivity analysis pathway analysis

Corresponding Author(s): Erjiang HU

Online First Date: 25 November 2021 Issue Date: 25 May 2022

Cite this article:

Geyuan YIN,Chaojun WANG,Meng ZHOU, et al. Experimental and kinetic study on laminar flame speeds of ammonia/syngas/air at a high temperature and elevated pressure[J]. Front. Energy, 2022, 16(2): 263-276.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-021-0791-7
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2022/V16/I2/263

Tab.1 Experimental conditions

Fig.1 Comparison of the laminar flame speed of NH₃/syngas/air flames in this work with those in Refs. [14] and [16], and the simulated results.

Fig.2 Schlieren images of the spherically propagating flames of NH₃/syngas/air mixtures at x_syn = 0.5, T = 298 K, and φ = 0.8.

Fig.3 Schlieren images of the spherically propagating flames of NH₃/syngas/air mixtures at x_syn = 0.5, T = 298 K, and P = 3 atm.

Fig.4 Measured Markstein lengths of NH₃/syngas/air mixtures.

Fig.5 Comparison between the experimental data and fitted results.

Fig.6 Laminar flame speeds measured and simulated at temperatures from 298 to 443 K, pressures from 1 to 3 atm, at equivalence ratios from 0.7 to 1.6 with x_syn from 0.1 to 1.0.

Fig.7 Pathway analyses at 1 atm and 298 K for x_syn = 0.5 and φ = 0.9 (black) and 1.5 (red), respectively.

Fig.8 Mole fractions of H, O, and OH radicals at 1 atm and 298 K for x_syn = 0.5, and φ = 0.9 (solid line) and 1.5 (dashed line).

Fig.9 Mole fractions of H, O, and OH radicals at 1 atm, 298 K, and φ = 0.9 for x_syn = 0.3 (dot line), 0.5 (dashed line), and 0.7 (solid line).

Fig.10 Pathway analysis at 1 atm, 298 K, and φ = 0.9 for x_syn = 0.3 (red), 0.5 (black), and 0.7 (blue), respectively.

Fig.11 Sensitivity analysis at 1 atm and 298 K for x_syn = 0.5, and φ = 0.9 (black) and 1.5 (red), respectively.

Fig.12 Sensitivity analysis at 1 atm, 298 K, and φ = 0.9 for x_syn = 0.3 (black), 0.5 (red), and 0.7 (blue), respectively.

Fig.13 NO concentration for NH₃/syngas/air mixtures as a function of equivalence ratio.

Fig.14 Radical analysis at different pressures of 1, 2, and 3 atm.

Fig.15 Radical analysis at different initial temperatures of 298, 373, and 443 K.

Fig.16 Sensitivity analysis of NO formation at 1 atm and 298 K for x_syn = 0.5 and φ = 0.9 (black) and 1.5 (red), respectively.

Fig.17 Sensitivity analysis of NO formation at 1 atm, 298 K, and φ = 0.9 for x_syn = 0.3 (black), 0.5 (red), and 0.7 (blue), respectively.

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