Facile controlled synthesis of hierarchically structured mesoporous Li4Ti5O12/C/rGO composites as high-performance anode of lithium-ion batteries

doi:10.1007/s11708-021-0798-0

Front. Energy

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (4) : 607-612 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-021-0798-0

RESEARCH ARTICLE

Facile controlled synthesis of hierarchically structured mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C/rGO composites as high-performance anode of lithium-ion batteries

Cehuang FU, Shuiyun SHEN, Ruofei WU, Xiaohui YAN, Guofeng XIA, Junliang ZHANG(

)

Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory of Power and Machinery Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Download: PDF(1399 KB) HTML
Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks

Abstract

In this paper, a facile strategy is proposed to controllably synthesize mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C nanocomposite embedded in graphene matrix as lithium-ion battery anode via the co-assembly of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) precursor, GO, and phenolic resin. The obtained composites, which consists of a LTO core, a phenolic-resin-based carbon shell, and a porous frame constructed by rGO, can be denoted as LTO/C/rGO and presents a hierarchical structure. Owing to the advantages of the hierarchical structure, including a high surface area and a high electric conductivity, the mesoporous LTO/C/rGO composite exhibits a greatly improved rate capability as the anode material in contrast to the conventional LTO electrode.

Keywords Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ phenolic-resin-based carbon mesoporous composite graphene

Corresponding Author(s): Junliang ZHANG

Online First Date: 04 January 2022 Issue Date: 21 October 2022

Cite this article:

Cehuang FU,Shuiyun SHEN,Ruofei WU, et al. Facile controlled synthesis of hierarchically structured mesoporous Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C/rGO composites as high-performance anode of lithium-ion batteries[J]. Front. Energy, 2022, 16(4): 607-612.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-021-0798-0
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2022/V16/I4/607

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the synthesis process of LTO/C/rGO.

Fig.2 Characterization data of LTO/C/rGO

Fig.3 TGA curves of LTO/C and LTO/C/rGO under air atmosphere at a heating rate of 5°C/min.

Fig.4 Typical SEM images of LTO/C and LTO/C/rGO.

Fig.5 Typical TEM and HRTEM images of LTO/C and LTO/C/rGO.

Fig.6 CV curves of the initial 5 cycles at a scan rate of 0.1 mV/s.

Fig.7 Typical charge/discharge profiles of LTO/C/rGO composite at different rates.

Fig.8 Rate capacities of different electrodes when cycled at the various rates from 1 to 30 C.

Fig.9 Cycling performance of LTO/C/rGO composite at 10 C.

1	H G Jung, M W Jang, J Hassoun, et al. A high-rate long-life Li4Ti5O12/Li[Ni0.45Co0.1Mn1.45]O4 lithium-ion battery. Nature Communications, 2011, 2(1): 516 https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1527
2	R Dedryvère, D Foix, S Franger, et al. Electrode/electrolyte interface reactivity in high-voltage spinel LiMn1.6Ni0.4O4/Li4Ti5O12 lithium-ion battery. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2010, 114(24): 10999–11008 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp1026509
3	H Yu, Y Cao, L Chen, et al. Surface enrichment and diffusion enabling gradient-doping and coating of Ni-rich cathode toward Li-ion batteries. Nature Communications, 2021, 12(1): 4564 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24893-0
4	Z Deng, H Jiang, C Li. 2D metal chalcogenides incorporated into carbon and their assembly for energy storage applications. Small, 2018, 14(22): 1800148 https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201800148
5	L Chen, Y Liu, Z Deng, et al. Edge-enriched MoS2@C/rGO film as self-standing anodes for high-capacity and long-life lithium-ion batteries. Science China Materials, 2021, 64(1): 96–104 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-020-1348-y
6	W Chen, H Jiang, Y Hu, et al. Mesoporous single crystals Li4Ti5O12 grown on rGO as high-rate anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Chemical Communications: Cambridge, England, 2014, 50(64): 8856–8859 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CC02886D
7	J Huang, Z Jiang. The preparation and characterization of Li4Ti5O12/carbon nano-tubes for lithium ion battery. Electrochimica Acta, 2008, 53(26): 7756–7759 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.05.031
8	J Liu, K Song, P A van Aken, et al. Self-supported Li4Ti5O12-C nanotube arrays as high-rate and long-life anode materials for flexible Li-ion batteries. Nano Letters, 2014, 14(5): 2597–2603 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl5004174
9	H Yan, D Zhang, Qilu, et al. A review of spinel lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12) as electrode material for advanced energy storage devices. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(5): 5870–5895 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.10.241
10	E Pohjalainen, T Rauhala, M Valkeapää, et al. Effect of Li4Ti5O12 particle size on the performance of lithium ion battery electrodes at high C-rates and low temperatures. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2015, 119(5): 2277–2283 https://doi.org/10.1021/jp509428c
11	G Liu, R Zhang, K Bao, et al. Synthesis of nano-Li4Ti5O12 anode material for lithium ion batteries by a biphasic interfacial reaction route. Ceramics International, 2016, 42(9): 11468–11472 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.03.231
12	K Zhu, H Gao, G Hu, et al. Scalable synthesis of hierarchical hollow Li4Ti5O12 microspheres assembled by zigzag-like nanosheets for high rate lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Power Sources, 2017, 340: 263–272 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.11.074
13	T Yuan, R Cai, K Wang, et al. Combustion synthesis of high-performance Li4Ti5O12 for secondary Li-ion battery. Ceramics International, 2009, 35(5): 1757–1768 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2008.10.010
14	R Wu, S Shen, G Xia, et al. Soft-templated self-assembly of mesoporous anatase TiO2/carbon composite nanospheres for high-performance lithium ion batteries. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2016, 8(31): 19968–19978 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b03733
15	R Wu, G Xia, S Shen, et al. Soft-templated LiFePO4/mesoporous carbon nanosheets (LFP/meso-CNSs) nanocomposite as the cathode material of lithium ion batteries. RSC Advances, 2014, 4(41): 21325–21331 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4RA00370E
16	Y Meng, D Gu, F Zhang, et al. Ordered mesoporous polymers and homologous carbon frameworks: amphiphilic surfactant templating and direct transformation. Angewandte Chemie, 2005, 117(43): 7215–7221 https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.200501561
17	P Chen, C Cheng, T Li, et al. Significantly improved dielectric properties of TiO2 ceramics through acceptor-doping and Ar/H2 annealing. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(2): 1551–1557 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.08.268
18	L Shen, X Zhang, E Uchaker, et al. Li4Ti5O12 nanoparticles embedded in a mesoporous carbon matrix as a superior anode material for high rate lithium ion batteries. Advanced Energy Materials, 2012, 2(6): 691–698 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201100720
19	E M Sorensen, S J Barry, H K Jung, et al. Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous Li4Ti5O12: effect of wall structure on electrochemical properties. Chemistry of Materials, 2006, 18(2): 482–489 https://doi.org/10.1021/cm052203y
20	E McCafferty, J P Wightman. Determination of the concentration of surface hydroxyl groups on metal oxide films by a quantitative XPS method. Surface and Interface Analysis, 1998, 26(8): 549–564 https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9918(199807)26:8<549::AID-SIA396>3.0.CO;2-Q
21	B Wang, T Liu, A Liu, et al. A hierarchical porous C@LiFePO4/carbon nanotubes microsphere composite for high-rate lithium-ion batteries: combined experimental and theoretical study. Advanced Energy Materials, 2016, 6(16): 1600426 https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201600426
22	B Wang, W Al Abdulla, D Wang, et al. A three-dimensional porous LiFePO4 cathode material modified with a nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel for high-power lithium ion batteries. Energy & Environmental Science, 2015, 8(3): 869–875 https://doi.org/10.1039/C4EE03825H
23	R Wu, G Xia, S Shen, et al. In-situ growth of LiFePO4 nanocrystals on interconnected carbon nanotubes/mesoporous carbon nanosheets for high-performance lithium ion batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 2015, 153: 334–342 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.028
24	Z Sun, B Sun, M Qiao, et al. A general chelate-assisted co-assembly to metallic nanoparticles-incorporated ordered mesoporous carbon catalysts for Fischer–tropsch synthesis. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2012, 134(42): 17653–17660 https://doi.org/10.1021/ja306913x
25	L Shen, C Yuan, H Luo, et al. Facile synthesis of hierarchically porous Li4Ti5O12 microspheres for high rate lithium ion batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2010, 20(33): 6998 https://doi.org/10.1039/c0jm00348d
26	Y Ma, B Ding, G Ji, et al. Carbon-encapsulated F-doped Li4Ti5O12 as a high rate anode material for Li+ batteries. ACS Nano, 2013, 7(12): 10870–10878 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn404311x
27	J Liu, K Song, P A van Aken, et al. Self-supported Li4Ti5O12-C nanotube arrays as high-rate and long-life anode materials for flexible Li-ion batteries. Nano Letters, 2014, 14(5): 2597–2603 https://doi.org/10.1021/nl5004174
28	Y Ding, G R Li, C W Xiao, et al. Insight into effects of graphene in Li4Ti5O12/carbon composite with high rate capability as anode materials for lithium ion batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 2013, 102: 282–289 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.002

[1]	Sumit NAGAR, Kamal SHARMA, A. K. PANDEY, V. V. TYAGI. Effect of graphene and its derivatives on thermo-mechanical properties of phase change materials and its applications: a comprehensive review[J]. Front. Energy, 2022, 16(2): 150-186.
[2]	Yan ZHANG, Yukun ZHU, Yanhua PENG, Xiaolong YANG, Jian LIU, Wei JIAO, Jianqiang YU. Spontaneous polarization enhanced bismuth ferrate photoelectrode: fabrication and boosted photoelectrochemical water splitting property[J]. Front. Energy, 2021, 15(3): 781-790.
[3]	Lijun WU, Yu ZHANG, Bingjiang LI, Pengxiang WANG, Lishuang FAN, Naiqing ZHANG, Kening SUN. Fabrication of layered structure VS₄ anchor in 3D graphene aerogels as a new cathode material for lithium ion batteries[J]. Front. Energy, 2019, 13(3): 597-602.
[4]	Alireza AHMADIAN YAZDI, Jie XU. Nitrogen-doped graphene approach to enhance the performance of a membraneless enzymatic biofuel cell[J]. Front. Energy, 2018, 12(2): 233-238.

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed