High heat flux thermal management through liquid metal driven with electromagnetic induction pump

doi:10.1007/s11708-022-0825-9

Front. Energy

2022, Vol. 16

Issue (3) : 460-470 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-022-0825-9

RESEARCH ARTICLE

High heat flux thermal management through liquid metal driven with electromagnetic induction pump

Chuanke LIU, Zhizhu HE(

)

Department of Vehicle Engineering, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China

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Abstract

In this paper, a novel liquid metal-based minichannel heat dissipation method was developed for cooling electric devices with high heat flux. A high-performance electromagnetic induction pump driven by rotating permanent magnets is designed to achieve a pressure head of 160 kPa and a flow rate of 3.24 L/min, which could enable the liquid metal to remove the waste heat quickly. The liquid metal-based minichannel thermal management system was established and tested experimentally to investigate the pumping capacity and cooling performance. The results show that the liquid metal cooling system can dissipate heat flux up to 242 W/cm² with keeping the temperature rise of the heat source below 50°C. It could remarkably enhance the cooling performance by increasing the rotating speed of permanent magnets. Moreover, thermal contact resistance has a critical importance for the heat dissipation capacity. The liquid metal thermal grease is introduced to efficiently reduce the thermal contact resistance (a decrease of about 7.77 × 10⁻³ °C/W). This paper provides a powerful cooling strategy for thermal management of electric devices with large heat power and high heat flux.

Keywords high heat flux liquid metal electromagnetic pump minichannel heat sink thermal interface material

Corresponding Author(s): Zhizhu HE

Online First Date: 22 April 2022 Issue Date: 07 July 2022

Cite this article:

Chuanke LIU,Zhizhu HE. High heat flux thermal management through liquid metal driven with electromagnetic induction pump[J]. Front. Energy, 2022, 16(3): 460-470.

URL:

https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/10.1007/s11708-022-0825-9
https://academic.hep.com.cn/fie/EN/Y2022/V16/I3/460

Tab.1 Thermophysical properties of Ga₆₈In₂₀Sn₁₂ and water [30,40,41]

Fig.1 Illustration of the PM-EMP.

Fig.2 Illustration of the minichannel heat sink.

Fig.3 Description of the test loop.

Tab.2 Uncertainty of main parameters

Fig.4 Pressure head versus flow rate at different rotational speeds.

Fig.5 Transient temperature rise of the cooling system when heat flux increases from 120 (581 W) to 138 W/cm² (669 W) at n = 100 r/min.

Fig.6 Temperature of the thermal management system at a rotating speed of 200 r/min at different heat fluxes.

Fig.7 ΔT_h versus q (100 r/min, 200 r/min, and 300 r/min)

Fig.8 Heat transfer characteristics of minichannel heat sink at different rotational speeds (from 100 to 300 r/min) at a heat flux of 165 W/cm².

Fig.9 Fluid flow characteristic of minichannel heat sink at different rotational speeds (from 100 to 300 r/min) at a heat flux of 165 W/cm².

Fig.10

R c a p a c i t y ′

and

R o t h e r

versus rotational speed n (100, 200, 300 r/min).

n/(r·min^?1)	$R t o t a l ′$ /(10^?2 °C·W^?1)	$R t o t a l$ /(10^?2 °C·W^?1)	ε/%
100	5.091	3.860	24.18
200	4.050	3.035	25.06
300	3.735	2.713	27.36

Tab.3 Deviation between

R t o t a l ′

and

R t o t a l

at different rotating speeds

n/(r·min^?1)	$R t o t a l ? L M$ /(10^?2 °C·W^?1)	$R t o t a l ? W a t e r$ /　　(10^?2 °C·W^?1)
100	3.860	4.880	1.264
200	3.035	4.360	1.437
300	2.713	4.141	1.526

Tab.4 Difference between

R t o t a l ? L M

and

R t o t a l ? W a t e r

at different rotating speeds

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