The philosophy of binary purpose in conjunction with a holistic approach reflects sustainable development. These ideas are in accordance with Chinese traditional philosophy and culture, as well as the contemporary economic and social development. It calls for the central government’s support to achieve sustainable development at the initial stage. However, in the long run, this approach has drawbacks which are concealed. Thus, prompt adjustment is needed. In the relationship between the systems of sustainable development and democracy, human rights, sovereign equality of states, and sustainable development are approbated by the Chinese law system. The bottleneck of sustainable development is linked to its ideological system. Integration is related to the bottleneck of binary purposes, good governance, public participation, and human rights. The government-oriented mechanism has a time element that is related to the bottleneck of utilitarianism and basic economic law. For China’s sustainable development, breaking the bottleneck to improve the system and seizing the opportunity to make innovations are of great significance. The focal points now for China are the perfection of legislation, supervision to government, encouraging public participation and empowering them with legal rights. Chinese government is taking green economy as a new action of implementing sustainable development. It stems from both domestic and international pressures which deepen the economic reform required to switch the economic development mode. These pressures are bringing new opportunities and vigor to China’s sustainable development.